Naming of diseases in the Tatar language of Tatars in the 19th – 20th centuries

the article raises an issue related to the study of the written heritage of the Tatars. In Tatar, as in other languages, names of diseases have been shaped by various factors, including traditional ideas about health, the influence of medicine and interaction with other cultures. In this article, we will look at how disease names in Tatar changed and developed in the 19th and 20th centuries. In the Tatar language of the 19th century the concept of ‘disease’ was expressed using the words ‘auru’, ‘agyryk’ and ‘agyryklyk’. The practical significance of the work consists in creating a glossary of terminological expressions, which can be useful in the future. The article deals with the issue related to the study of the written heritage of indigenous Tatar communities. The scientific value of the study lies in the preservation, actualisation and study of medical names of diseases used by Siberian Tatars in the 19th – early 20th century. In the 19th century, many names of diseases could be found in the Tatar language, which often had Arabic or Persian roots. In the 20th century, the Tatar language experienced significant changes. After the 1917 revolution and the creation of the Tatar ASSR, the process of standardisation of the language began, which also affected medical terminology. At this time, new terms for diseases were actively developed, many of which were borrowed from Russian but adapted to the phonetic and grammatical features of the Tatar language. Traditional names of diseases based on folk medicine were gradually replaced by scientific terms, which testifies to the development of medicine and education in Tatar society. The study of this topic allows us to better understand not only linguistic changes, but also cultural transformations of the Tatar people in the mentioned historical periods.

names of diseases, designation of diseases, glossary of terminological expressions, Tatar culture, Tatar medical terminology