Study of ASIP and MC1R gene polymorphism horses of the kabardian breed

The coat color of horses is of considerable interest due to its aesthetic appeal and significance in breed identification. Understanding the genetic mechanisms underlying coat color variation is important for horse breeders and geneticists. The purpose of the study is to study the influence of polymorphism of the MC1R and ASIP genes on the coat color of Kabardian horses, a unique domestic breed. The proposal is not agreed upon, the idea is not clear. Why was the research done? Based on the results of genotyping 127 horses of the Kabardian breed using the MC1R and ASIP genes, the frequencies of various alleles and genotypes on which the color of the animals depends were determined. Statistical analysis was carried out to determine the relationship between them. Kabardian horses are characterized by a wide range of colors, including karak, black, bay, dark bay and gray. The majority of the horses studied (96.9 %) were found to have a dominant allele E of the MC1R gene, associated with the synthesis of eumelanin and darker coat color. The frequency of the A/A genotype of the ASIP gene increased as the coat color lightened: black – 0.0 %, karak – 9.5 %, dark bay – 56.6 %, bay – 84.8 %. The frequency of the mutant allele a was 0.280. In general, it contributed to the formation of black coat color in Kabardian horses. The results of the study provide insight into the relationship of the MC1R and ASIP genes with the formation of coat colors in Kabardian horses. These results have practical implications for horse breeders when selecting individuals for crossbreeding and contribute to the understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying variation in coat color within horse populations.