MODERN METHODS OF DIAGNOSIS IN ORTHODONTICS

The paper presents the possibilities of the virtual planning of orthodontic treatment with programs In Vivo Anatomage and 3Shape Ortho Analyzer, which allows you to create an individual plan of orthodontic treatment. Using three-dimensional cephalometric analysis and cone-beam computed tomography eliminates the risk of complications during orthodontic tooth moving. Aim - to determine the main directions of application of three-dimensional cephalometric analysis in orthodontist’s practice Materials and methods. The study involved 20 patients aged between 18 and 35 years (women 85%, men 15%). All patients underwent cone-beam computed tomography of the facial region of the skull conducted on a tomograph with a matrix 16h10. To obtain the most objective data, a wide range of clinical and other diagnostic methods was used in the study: clinical (survey, visual examination of face and oral cavity, clinical functional tests), anthropometric (measurement of jaw models in the program 3Shape Ortho Analyzer), CBCT of the facial region of the skull and cervical part of the spine. The survey was conducted on every patient according to the developed protocol. 1. Assessment of the dental hard tissues (diagnosis of caries, pulpitis and periodontitis), periapical periodontal tissues, and the state of the cortical bone; construction of three-dimensional panoramic reconstruction to determine the parallelism of the roots and their position in the bone of the alveolar processes on the vestibular and lingual surfaces. 2. Assessment of the patency of airways. 3. Evaluation of the bone elements of the temporomandibular joint on both sides, determining the position of articular head in the glenoid fossa. 4. Three-dimensional cephalometric analysis. 5. Superimposition of the data of the facial skull computed tomography; analysis of the changes in the course of dental treatment. The results of research. The obtained CBCT of the facial skull, processed in the program In Vivo Anatomage version 5.2, allows specifying the status and location of the bony structures of the temporomandibular joint, sinuses, individual structural features of the upper and lower jaws, dental roots deep in the alveolar processes and their correlation to the cortical plate. Additional features of the program are the opportunity to study the airways, combination of the scanned plaster models in .Stl format and superimposition of one CT scan to the other to produce a report on the changes that occurred. Discussion. The computer program allows correction of congenital abnormalities of dentition, reducing the risk of complications to a minimum. Moreover, the expected result can be predicted at the initial stage of treatment. The main advantage of CBCT is the possibility to determine the exact anatomical parameters of a patient without overlapping of adjacent structures and projection distortion of the sizes of anatomical structures.

orthodontics, cone-beam computed tomography, retention of teeth, malocclusion