No 2 (2025)

In contrast to legal positivism, the author substantiates the close relationship between law and morality. Morality and law are very similar, but at the same time, they are different in their form and content.

This article uses general scientific methods, such as analysis, synthesis, and systematization. Additionally, the author’s opinions are based on the formal-dogmatic and hermeneutical methods of scientific analysis.

The author of the article came to the conclusion that there are sufficient doctrinal, legal and factual grounds for recognizing morality as the basis and goal of the system of normative legal regulation. The article provides a reasoned criticism of the thesis on the identification of law and morality, which is a characteristic feature of totalitarian legal doctrines. The article substantiates the thesis that traditional spiritual and moral values are the value basis of the legal order of Russia – a the state of civilization.

The article presents an analysis of traditional legal systems in the context of their relationship with positive law. The author reveals the concept and characteristic features of traditional law, explores its legal regulators, legal norms, structure and originality of legal technique. Special attention is paid to the diversity of traditional legal systems in geographical and chronological terms, their classification and the specifics of functioning in different regions of the world. Attention is drawn to the general patterns and trends of the evolution of traditional law in the context of the modernization of law, the problems of interaction of legal cultures and ensuring legal pluralism in the modern world are analyzed.

 The article addresses current issues related to the conduct of general meetings of participants using digital technologies. It examines legislative changes that came into force on March 1, 2025, aimed at regulating remote formats for conducting meetings. Particular attention is paid to issues of participant identification, technical requirements for digital platforms, and new formats for conducting meetings, including remote and hybrid options. Special emphasis is placed on innovations, such as mandatory video recording of meetings and its attachment to the meeting minutes, as well as their impact on the transparency and reliability of the procedure. Potential challenges associated with the implementation of the new norms are analyzed, including issues related to participant identification, technical failures, and risks of contesting meeting results. The article explores data protection issues in voting using digital technologies, as well as ways to enhance transparency, confidentiality, and stability of the voting process. Possible solutions are proposed, including the creation of personal accounts for participants and the development of mechanisms to minimize technical errors. The feasibility of the innovations and their impact on corporate governance are assessed.

 The article discusses the legal regulation and procedure for improving housing conditions at the expense of maternal (family) capital. It is noted that the key factors of the demographic situation in the Russian Federation are the problems of limited financing for families with children and a decrease in their birth rate. In most cases, young couples cannot make a decision about having children, taking into account the difficulties related to their maintenance. In this regard, in the 2000s. The primary direction of the domestic policy of the Russian Federation has become the development and implementation of projects aimed at resolving the crisis demographic situation, and the basis for the introduction of the maternity capital program was the Message of the President of the Russian Federation V. V. Putin to the Federal Assembly on 10 May 2006.

The article reveals specific possibilities for improving housing conditions. The rules for using the funds of the maternal (family) capital to improve housing conditions are considered in detail, and ambiguous operations aimed at preventing the issuance of loans for the purpose of cashing out the maternal (family) capital are also studied. The authors have identified problems in the legislation regulating the procedure for improving housing conditions at the expense of maternal (family) capital, and proposed possible solutions.

 The lack of uniformity in understanding the content of the principle of unity between a land plot and real estate on it creates problems for its implementation.

The purpose of the study is to reveal the content of the modern principle of unity between a land plot and real estate on it. To achieve this goal, historical prerequisites that influenced the content of the principle have been examined; the impact of the concept of “real estate” on the content of the principle has been disclosed; Russian legislation concerning relations to which the unity principle applies and does not apply has been analyzed.

The content of the modern principle of unity between the fate of a land plot and real estate on it is determined by how exactly the concept of real estate is interpreted in national legislation. Modern Russian law recognizes a variety of types of immovable property along with land plots, so the essence of the principle lies in the fact that both real estate follows the plot and the plot follows the real estate when making any transaction concerning either one. The mandatory application of the unity of fate principle is provided for almost all transactions involving a plot and real estate on it.

Difficulties have been identified in implementing the principle in practice when the titular owners of real estate and the land plot do not coincide. Cases where the principle does not apply as established by law are cited.

It has been established that the principle is mainly applied when real estate enters civil circulation. It was proposed to use a new formulation of the principle alongside the well-established concept of the unity of fate principle, which more accurately reflects its true content: the rule of joint participation in the turnover of a land plot and real estate located on it.

 The article is devoted to the study of issues related to the conclusion of a prenuptial agreement to change the regime of joint ownership of spouses for a share in the authorized capital of a limited liability company (hereinafter referred to as LLC). The paper examines the main problems of legal regulation of the division of shares in the authorized capital of an LLC, as well as identifies the risks and legal conflicts that arise when concluding a prenuptial agreement in the context of corporate relations. The theoretical part covers the analysis of family and corporate legislation. The article also presents the methods of legal analysis used to identify the features of changing the ownership regime by concluding a prenuptial agreement. In conclusion, recommendations are formulated to improve legal regulation and enhance the legal protection of the interests of both spouses and jointly acquired property. The article presents new approaches to the interaction of family and corporate law, which can contribute to more effective regulation of property relations within the framework of the division of shares in the authorized capital of LLC.

 This article is devoted to the legal analysis of the terrorist attack at Christchurch mosques (2019) as a manifestation of contemporary far-right terrorism. The purpose of the study is to deconstruct the aforementioned event from the perspective of criminal law, including the specifics of legal qualification, the perpetrator’s behavioral motives, as well as the role of information and telecommunications technologies in the commission of the said crime. Doctrinal approaches to the definition of terrorism and the peculiarities of qualifying acts committed by “lone actors” are examined. The problems of legal response to acts of terrorism and the specifics of counteracting such acts are identified.

 The article is devoted to current issues of combating corruption in Russia, the analysis of legal gaps and organizational difficulties in this area. The key problems of applying anti-corruption legislation are considered, including the imperfection of the regulatory framework, weak coordination between regulatory authorities and the insufficient effectiveness of preventive measures. Particular attention is paid to the contradictions in the criminal and legal regulation of corruption offences, which creates opportunities for evading responsibility. The author examines the reasons for the low efficiency of existing mechanisms for combating bribery and abuse of office. Based on the analysis of judicial practice and foreign experience, specific ways to solve the identified problems are proposed: improving legislative formulations, strengthening interdepartmental cooperation, introducing transparent control procedures. The need for an integrated approach combining legal reforms with changes in the public administration system is emphasized.

 The misuse of land plots and residential premises raises new questions for researchers. The main problems include the unscrupulous behavior of animal shelter owners. The negative consequences include violations of the rights of land and residential property owners, harm to pet owners, and the spread of infections. These issues arise due to non-compliance with land and housing laws, as well as sanitary and epidemiological regulations. The authors of the scientific article have concluded that there are gaps in the legislation. In this regard, they propose measures to address the issue, such as clarifying and supplementing existing legislation and introducing special legal norms that regulate legal relations in the areas under consideration.

 This article analyzes the peculiarities of evidentiary activity in cases of special proceedings. The theoretical basis of the presented research was formed by scientific works of Russian scientists, in particular, A. V. Argunov, E. A. Nakhova, T. V. Shakitko, M. A. Fokina, A. Yu. Frantsiforov, A. V. Yudin. It is noted that the specificity of evidentiary activity is conditioned by the nature of cases of special proceedings. It is concluded that its main feature is connected with the active role of the court, not only taking into account the opinion of each participant of the process, but also collecting evidence, performing in some cases a compensatory function. The necessity of further improvement of the order of disclosure of evidence in cases of special proceedings is emphasized.

 This article addresses and specifies the problematic issues faced by the investigative bodies in the investigation of criminal cases on offences of past years in relation to a deceased suspect or accused person. The reasons on the basis of which criminal cases. The reasons on the basis of which criminal cases acquire the status of past offences are examined, as well as the legal gap with regard to the procedural status of a close person involved in criminal proceedings. A close person, close relative or relative-in-law involved in criminal proceedings. Resolutions to these problems are suggested.

 The article discusses modern approaches to the application of technologies that neutralize cybercrime. In the context of the growing threat of cyber-attacks and the rapidly accelerating pace of digitalization of society, the study aims to review and analyze effective tools that are used to detect and prevent cybercrimes. The purpose of the article is to study and investigate data protection methods, to analyze the behavior of a computer system under the influence of information threats using the example of the Rostec State Corporation and Gazprom PJSC. The results of the study may be useful for information security specialists.

 The article examines the concept of a bribe and related legal terms: corruption, bribery. The author analyzed how these concepts are presented in dictionaries and scientific linguistic literature: he examined the etymology of the word, the synonymous series, cognate words and word usage. The concepts of law related to the problem of bribery were also considered. The author showed the results of an associative experiment, which was conducted in student groups and among students in grades 8th and 10th. The theoretical basis of this study is the works of scientists, dictionaries and reference books explaining the concept of “bribe”, regulatory legal acts related to the regulation of corruption and bribery.

Starting with a linguistic analysis of the concept of “bribe” and ending with a study of its relationship with the legal term “corruption”, the active semantic field of this concept is investigated. “Bribe” is a legal term from which the concept of “bribery” is derived, which is inextricably linked with another – “corruption”; the latter two are often identified. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that examining the concept of “bribe” from two positions shows a holistic view not only of this lexeme, but also of such phenomena as “bribery” and “corruption”.

 This study analyzes lexical and graphic foreign linguistic elements in the context of language policy. Particular attention is given to the historical aspect of the use of such elements in the Russian language, as well as to the specific features of their usage in relation to legislative acts of the Russian Federation. The author also refers to a survey illustrating the attitudes of native Russian speakers toward foreign linguistic elements, using its results to support the reflections presented in the paper.

At the V. M. Lebedev Russian State University of Justice, students have always been actively engaged in research. Throughout the 2024/25 academic year, students wrote research papers, participated in and organized research events, and more. Department-led events traditionally attracted students from the faculties of continuing education, higher education, graduate programs, and the University's affiliates (scientific seminars, department-led conferences, master classes, soft skills, excursions, etc.), demonstrating the significant role of research events in the development of the University as a whole.