Prosecutor’s office in the system of public authorities in the CIS countries

The article reveals the place of the prosecutor’s office in the system of separation of powers of these states based on the analysis of the constitutions and legislation of the member states of the Commonwealth of Independent States. The purpose of the article is to determine the best ways to improve the legal status of the prosecutor’s office to increase the effectiveness of the Russian prosecutor’s office.

The objectives of the study are to identify the general and particular in the legal status of the prosecution bodies of the CIS member states, to identify the main trends in the development of the institute of prosecution in these countries.

The object of the research was social relations defining the place of the prosecutor’s office in the system of state power, and the subject was directly the norms of law governing the activities of the prosecution authorities and the practice of their application. The research methodology is general scientific methods of cognition (dialectical, analysis and synthesis, modeling, etc.). The article contains a comparative legal analysis of constitutions and laws on the prosecutor’s office of the CIS member states. The author comes to the conclusion that international associations of prosecutors have a significant influence on the process of forming the legal status of prosecution authorities in the world. It is concluded that in the CIS member states there was no uniform model of prosecution bodies and, accordingly, there was no uniform approach to determining the place of the institute of prosecution in the system of separation of powers.

On the basis of the study, a tendency has been revealed to increase the influence of the President on the institute of the prosecutor’s office in a number of CIS countries. The author, after analyzing the laws of the CIS countries and Russian law enforcement practice, comes to the conclusion that it is expedient to adopt legislative and organizational measures aimed at embedding the Russian prosecution authorities in the system of “presidential” authority.