Lexical Representation of the Concept «Горе/tongku» in Russian and Chinese Languages

The article examines the concepts of “горе” in Russian and “痛苦” in Chinese through their lexical representation and cultural significance. It analyzes dictionary definitions, semantic fields, and related lexical units of these concepts. The study discusses similarities and differences in the expression of these emotions, their intensity, and sources. Particular attention is given to the cultural perception and representation of “горе” and “痛苦” in Russian and Chinese. The research highlights the importance of studying the emotional worldview for intercultural communication and the role of these concepts in conveying cultural values and traditions. Research subject: the semantics and lexical representation of the concepts “горе” in Russian and “痛苦” in Chinese. Research aim: to identify similarities and differences in the lexical expression of “горе” and “痛苦” through an analysis of their dictionary definitions, semantic fields, and related lexical units. The study employs methods of definitional analysis, lexical-semantic analysis, and comparative-typological methods. The results show that “горе” in Russian emphasizes emotional suffering tied to losses and tragedies, while “痛苦” in Chinese covers a broader range of negative experiences, including physical and emotional pain. These differences reflect cultural and philosophical traditions: Russian focuses on the intensity and drama of emotions, while Chinese highlights universality and harmony. The findings are applicable to intercultural communication, linguistic theory, translation studies, and teaching Russian and Chinese. The study’s novelty lies in its comparative analysis of emotional concepts based on their lexical and semantic representation, revealing cultural and linguistic specificity. The conclusions underline key differences in the perception and lexical expression of emotions in Russian and Chinese, shaped by their unique cultural and linguistic traditions.

grief, tongku, emotions, lexical expression, definitional analysis, lexical-semantic field, Russian language, Chinese language, cultural differences, intercultural communication