No 10 (2025)

The relevance of the study is determined by the growing problem of food security in the context of demographic growth and the need to develop agricultural production, taking into account the protection of natural resources. The article discusses a range of issues related to the introduction of nature-like technologies in the agricultural sector of the economy. The purpose of the work is to analyze modern approaches to the development of agricultural production based on nature-like technologies, to study the legal mechanisms for their implementation and to assess the impact on ensuring food security of the state. Special attention is paid to the importance of legal regulation of innovative agricultural methods, which is important for developing strategies for the development of this area, taking into account the results obtained in the process of a comprehensive interdisciplinary study of the possible practical application of such technologies, their advantages, as well as possible negative consequences. Using general scientific and special methods (historical analysis, generalization, formal legal, comparative legal), the article examines strategic documents and regulatory legal acts in the field of the development and application of nature-like technologies and other innovative methods of agricultural production, the article concludes that the further development and implementation of such technologies will solve many problems. the problems of the modern agricultural sector and ensure food security for both individual countries and the whole of humanity. At the same time, the process of improving legal regulation in the field under consideration should not lag behind the speed of scientific and technological progress, on the one hand minimizing possible risks, and on the other hand ensuring a proper degree of freedom of scientific research and optimizing the processes of their practical implementation. Priority should be given to the development and consolidation of criteria for classifying technology as nature-like. Government support measures for the practical implementation of nature-like technologies, both administrative and financial, as well as the training of specialists in various fields with the necessary knowledge and skills, also need to be regulated.

Contemporary migration processes represent not merely a demographic phenomenon but a fundamental challenge to traditional constitutional paradigms, which have long been predicated on the assumption of a homogeneous national legal and cultural space. Globalization, armed conflicts, economic instability, and climate crises generate unprecedented population movements that transform not only the social and ethnic composition of host states but also the very understanding of sovereignty, citizenship, and the legal status of the individual. In this context, growing tension emerges between the universal norms of international law—enshrining migrants’ rights as an integral part of human rights—and national constitutional frameworks oriented toward protecting historically established values, identity, and public order. Consequently, the constitution ceases to function solely as an internal state act and enters into dialogue with transnational legal realities, necessitating a rethinking of its role as an instrument not only of legitimizing power but also of managing social complexity. This dilemma is particularly acute in states with recently formed or reconstructed constitutional systems, where the process of constitutionally articulating national identity remains incomplete while migration exerts direct pressure on political stability and legal culture. The methodological foundation of the study is an interdisciplinary approach combining constitutional legal analysis, comparative legal methodology, elements of sociological research on legal consciousness, and doctrinal interpretation. Additionally, the research employs analysis of international and regional migration standards, including the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (1990), the European Agenda on Migration, and regional agreements within the CIS framework. This comprehensive methodology enables the identification of general trends while accounting for the specificity of legal cultures—a crucial consideration when addressing issues concerning national identity and sovereignty. The scientific novelty of this study lies in the systematic development—within both Russian and international constitutional legal doctrine—of the concept of “adaptive constitutionalism” as a theoretical and normative response to challenges posed, among others, by migratory transformation. Unlike traditional approaches that view the constitution as a static document fixing a once-and-for-all social contract, adaptive constitutionalism is understood as a dynamic model capable of institutional and substantive evolution in response to internal and external factors, including migration flows. The study contributes to the theory of legal identity by integrating it with migration law and constitutional theory—an especially relevant endeavor for the post-Soviet space, where nation-building and constitutional identity formation occur alongside intense migratory exchanges. Comparative analysis reveals that the most effective strategies combine inclusivity with clear legal boundaries, as exemplified by the Canadian model of multiculturalism or the German model of constitutional patriotism. In the Russian context, however, mechanisms for genuine integration remain underdeveloped, and there is a risk of instrumentalizing constitutional identity to legitimize restrictive migration policies. The article concludes that adaptive constitutionalism does not weaken but rather strengthens the constitutional order by enhancing its legitimacy, inclusivity, and capacity for reflexive self-transformation.

The article examines the category of business purpose, widely used in tax disputes regarding the unjustified tax benefits. The author considers the business purpose in the context of the signs of business fragmentation. The question of proving the absence of a business purpose in the models of entrepreneurial activity chosen by taxpayers is relevant in science and law enforcement practice when addressing issues of business fragmentation, as the substantive meaning of the business purpose category is little studied. The author studies the genesis of the law enforcement approach to proving the absence of a business purpose, with reference to foreign law enforcement practices reflecting the formation of the judicial doctrine of business purpose, as well as analyzing the formation of concepts of business purpose in Russian law enforcement practice related to tax benefit cases. Key views of legal scholars on business purpose in identifying tax abuses aimed at obtaining unjustified tax benefits through business fragmentation are listed. The author applies general scientific methods, among which the main research method is analysis: its use in the work is related to the study of doctrinal sources. Induction is used to study law enforcement practices and case law related to the subject of research. The author identifies the absence of a unified standard for proving business purpose in tax disputes over business fragmentation. To solve the stated problem, the substantive meaning of business purpose and the aspects subject to verification to establish the presence or absence of business purpose were identified. Based on this, a methodology for researching business purpose in the model of entrepreneurial activity was proposed. Conclusions were made about business purpose as a legal category, guiding a step-by-step assessment of taxpayers' business intentions when making a transaction (operation) and the economic effect obtained from their implementation; about the inadmissibility of establishing business purpose through another attribute—the lack of independence of taxpayers participating in business fragmentation; about the list of actions for the law enforcer when checking business purpose and direct and indirect aspects proving or disproving the presence of business motives in the taxpayer's behavior when forming the business structure.