Surgical Treatment of Mason Type II and III Radial Head Fractures: Mid-Term Results
- Authors: Aliev A.G.1, Egorov K.S.2, Kalakaev T.Z.1, Fedyunina S.Y.1, Petlenko I.S.1, Avdeev A.I.1, Sineoky A.D.1
-
Affiliations:
- Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics
- St. George Municipal Hospital
- Issue: Vol 31, No 2 (2025)
- Pages: 88-97
- Section: СLINICAL STUDIES
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/2311-2905/article/view/314138
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/2311-2905-17685
- ID: 314138
Cite item
Full Text
Abstract
Background. There is still no consensus in the international community on which surgical treatment method is preferable for Mason type II and III radial head fractures — osteosynthesis, resection or arthroplasty — since each of these methods is associated with a rather high complication rate, re-operations and unsatisfactory functional outcomes.
The aim of the study — to evaluate the medium-term outcomes of surgical treatment of type II and III radial head fractures according to the Mason classification, depending on the treatment modality.
Methods. The study included 110 patients who underwent surgery for displaced radial head fractures from 2008 to 2023. Upon admission, all patients had elbow X-rays in two projections and a CT scan. The patients were divided into 3 groups based on the type of surgical treatment: osteosynthesis with cannulated screws; osteosynthesis with a plate and cannulated screws; and resection. We evaluated radiological treatment outcomes, data from the Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS), elbow range of motion, and medical history data, including the presence and timing of postoperative complications and any re-interventions performed due to these complications.
Results. Clinical results were observed in 99 (90%) patients: 44 (44%) men and 55 (56%) women. The results of surgical treatment in patients with Mason II radial head fractures were significantly better than in those with Mason III fractures, as evidenced by average MEPS scores (93.0±11.3 and 82.7±16.5, respectively), complication rates (4% vs 17%) and re-operation rates (4% vs 12%). Comparative assessment of the surgical treatment methods according to the MEPS showed significantly better results for osteosynthesis with cannulated screws compared to the use of a mini-plate (93.9±8.8 and 81.9±18.8, respectively, p = 0.005), as well as to radial head resection (93.9±8.8 and 86.4±13.1, respectively, p = 0.036). Fourteen complications were identified in 11 (11%) patients. Fracture nonunion after osteosynthesis was observed in 4 cases, secondary displacement of fragments — in 3 cases. Deep infection was diagnosed in 2 patients after 1 and 4 months after osteosynthesis. Heterotopic ossification of the elbow developed in 2 cases.
Conclusion. The findings of the study showed significantly better clinical outcomes and a lower complication rate in the medium term when radial head fractures were treated with osteosynthesis using compression screws compared to the use of a plate or resection.
Full Text
##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
Alimurad G. Aliev
Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics
Author for correspondence.
Email: mur23mur@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6885-5473
Cand. Sci. (Med.)
Russian Federation, St. PetersburgKonstantin S. Egorov
St. George Municipal Hospital
Email: ks.egorov@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8835-4804
Cand. Sci. (Med.)
Russian Federation, St. PetersburgTimur Z. Kalakaev
Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics
Email: timurkalakaev@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0008-8743-3621
Russian Federation, St. Petersburg
Svetlana Y. Fedyunina
Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics
Email: feduninasvetlana@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-8718-493X
Cand. Sci. (Med.)
Russian Federation, St. PetersburgIrina S. Petlenko
Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics
Email: Petlenko1995@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3600-3583
Cand. Sci. (Med.)
Russian Federation, St. PetersburgAleksandr I. Avdeev
Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics
Email: spaceship1961@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1557-1899
Cand. Sci. (Med.)
Russian Federation, St. PetersburgAndrey D. Sineoky
Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics
Email: sineoky_91@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1819-8890
Cand. Sci. (Med.)
Russian Federation, St. PetersburgReferences
- Burkhart K.J., Wegmann K., Müller L.P., Gohlke F.E. Fractures of the Radial Head. Hand Clin. 2015;31(4): 533-546. doi: 10.1016/j.hcl.2015.06.003.
- Kaas L., van Riet R.P., Vroemen J.P., Eygendaal D. The incidence of associated fractures of the upper limb in fractures of the radial head. Strategies Trauma Limb Reconstr. 2008;3(2):71-74. doi: 10.1007/s11751-008-0038-8.
- Kaas L., van Riet R.P., Vroemen J.P., Eygendaal D. The epidemiology of radial head fractures. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2010;19(4):520-523. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2009.10.015.
- Morrey B.F., Tanaka S., An K.N. Valgus stability of the elbow. A definition of primary and secondary constraints. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1991;(265):187-195.
- Mason M.L. Some observations on fractures of the head of the radius with a review of one hundred cases. Br J Surg. 1954;(42):123-132. doi: 10.1002/bjs.18004217203.
- Van Riet R.P., Morrey B.F. Documentation of associated injuries occurring with radial head fracture. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2008;466(1):130-134. doi: 10.1007/s11999-007-0064-8.
- Van Riet R.P., van den Bekerom M., Van Tongel A., Spross C., Barco R., Watts A.C. Radial head fractures. Shoulder Elbow. 2020;12(3):212-223. doi: 10.1177/1758573219876921.
- Lorenz C.J., Carbon C., Meffert R., Eden L. Plate or Arthroplasty for complex Mason Type-III Radial Head Fractures? Mid-to-long term results from a blinded outcome assessor study. Injury. 2025;56(2):111981. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2024.111981.
- Kaeppler K., Geissbuhler A.R., Rutledge J.C., Dornan G.J., Wallace C.A., Viola R.W. Minimum 10-year follow-up after open reduction and internal fixation of radial head fractures Mason type II and III. Shoulder Elbow. 2025;34(2):531-542. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2024.07.022.
- Smith A.M., Morrey B.F., Steinmann S.P. Low profile fixation of radial head and neck fractures: surgical technique and clinical experience. J Orthop Trauma. 2007;21(10):718-724. doi: 10.1097/BOT.0b013e31812e5168.
- Ikeda M., Yamashina Y., Kamimoto M., Oka Y. Open reduction and internal fixation of comminuted fractures of the radial head using low-profile mini-plates. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2003;85(7):1040-1044. doi: 10.1302/0301-620x.85b7.13823.
- Al-Tawil K., Arya A. Radial head fractures. J Clin Orthop Trauma. 2021;20:101497. doi: 10.1016/j.jcot.2021.101497.
- Campbell B.R., Rengifo S., Wickes C.B., Amer K.M., Ilyas A.M. Radial Head Arthroplasty for Fracture: Implant Survivorship and Outcomes at Mean Follow-Up of 8 Years. J Hand Surg Am. 2025;50(1):97.e1-97.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2023.04.020.
- Baessler A., Eason R.R., Joyce M.R., Dibaba D.T., Wan J.Y., Azar F.M. et al. Reliability Testing of the Mayo Elbow Performance Score in Post-operative Patients. J Surg Orthop Adv. 2022;31(4):229-232.
- Калантырская В.А., Ключевский В.В. Оперативное лечение переломов головки лучевой кости. Мир науки, культуры, образования. 2014;49(6):585-589. Kalantyrskaya V.A., Kluchevsky V.V. Surgical treatment of radius head fractures. The World of Science, Culture and Education. 2014;49(6):585-589. (In Russian).
- Yano K., Fukuda M., Uemura T., Kaneshiro Y., Yamanaka K., Teraura H. et al. Clinical Results of Surgical Treatment for Comminuted Radial Head and Neck Fracture: Headless Compression Screws Versus Plate Fixation. Indian J Orthop. 2022;57(2):253-261. doi: 10.1007/s43465-022-00792-4.
- Mebouinz F.N., Kasse A., Habib Sy M. Results of radial head resection after Mason type 3 or 4 fracture of the elbow. Clin Shoulder Elb. 2020;23(3):131-135. doi: 10.5397/cise.2020.00185.
- Faldini C., Nanni M., Leonetti D., Capra P., Bonomo M., Persiani V. et al. Early radial head excision for displaced and comminuted radial head fractures: considerations and concerns at long-term follow-up. J Orthop Trauma. 2012;26(4):236-240. doi: 10.1097/BOT.0b013e318220af4f.
- Chen H.W., Tian J.L., Zhang Y.Z. Therapeutic Effect of Resection, Prosthetic Replacement and Open Reduction and Internal Fixation for the Treatment of Mason Type III Radial Head Fracture. J Invest Surg. 2021;34(1):30-38. doi: 10.1080/08941939.2019.1602689.
- Burke C.E., McKegg P.C., Wong A.L., DeLeon G.A., Gupta J., Healey K. et al. Association of Radial Head Fracture Treatment With Long-Term Function. Hand (N Y). 2024;19(1):30-37. doi: 10.1177/15589447221109631.
- Егоров К.С., Неверов В.А., Зуев В.Ю., Земскова М.А., Черняев С.Н. Выбор тактики хирургического лечения больных с переломами головки лучевой кости. Вестник хирургии имени И.И. Грекова. 2023;182(3): 24-32. doi: 10.24884/0042-4625-2023-182-3-24-32. Egorov K.S., Neverov V.A., Zuev V.Yu., Zemskova M.A., Chernyaev S.N. The choice of tactics of surgical treatment of patients with fractures of the head of the radius. Grekov’s Bulletin of Surgery. 2023;182(3):24-32. (In Russian). doi: 10.24884/0042-4625-2023-182-3-24-32.
Supplementary files
