Environmental conditions influence on the accumulation of secondary metabolites of lichens of the genus Cladonia and the family Parmeliaceae

This paper gives the maximum absorption of 10 secondary metabolites of lichens in a 96% alcohol solution. An assessment of the content of lichen acids growing in the Muransky pine forest, the Buzuluk pine forest, the Krasnosamarsky Woodland and in the Bolshechernigovsky district of the Samara Region was also carried out. All the species studied by us accumulate more secondary metabolites when growing in the Krasnosamarsky Woodland in comparison with those in the Buzuluk pine forest by 1,12–5,47 times. From the point of view of medicine and agriculture, as a raw material for drugs, as well as for drugs with fungicidal and insecticidal activity, it is more expedient to collect material in the Krasnosamarsky Woodland and other areas in the steppe zone with similar contrasting ecological factors, where the total amount of active stuff is more. The total content of secondary metabolites decreases in the order: Evernia mesomorpha > Hypogymnia physodes > Evernia prunastri > Xanthoparmelia camtschadalis > Parmelia sulcata > Pseudevernia furfuracea > Cladonia arbuscula > Cladonia furcata > Cladonia fimbriata > Cladonia rangiferina. In general, the studied representatives of the genus Cladonia accumulate secondary metabolites 2 times or more less than representatives of the Parmeliaceae family.