Seasonal antimicrobial activity of volatile substances emitted by the representatives of Begonia L. genus (Begoniaceae)

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Abstract

The paper continues multi-year integrated studies of the numerous taxons of tropical Begonia genus, which allowed us to evaluate the adaptive capacity of the representatives of this genus relying on the revealed morphological, rhythmological and biochemical features. The investigation of antimicrobial activity of intact plants and different fractions of plant extracts allowed us to distinguish several promising representatives of this genus exhibiting activity against a broad range of test microorganisms. The involvement of these plants within phytomodules in child care centers caused a substantial decrease in total microbial contamination of the air. The paper contains results of the experimental investigation of seasonal antimicrobial activity of 13 species, 8 hybrids. The phytoncide activity was measured by exposing the streak cultures of microbial test species – bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis, Esсherichia coli and yeast-like fungi Candida albicans to the volatile emissions of plants. It has been established that 95% of begonias are distinguished by the pronounced activity against S. epidermidis bacteria, 48% – against E. coli bacteria and 43% – against fungi Candida albicans. The seasonal specificity of the antimicrobial action of begonias was detected: the growth of the colonies of S. epidermidis bacteria is inhibited to the highest extent during spring and summer, at the phase of intense growth, while the activity against E. coli is the highest during autumn and winter at the phase of moderate growth. The taxons with clearly pronounced, long-term and universal antimicrobial action to the studied test objects were revealed and recommended for practical planting in various types of indoor environments. The data obtained in the study may serve as the basis for further investigation of the chemical composition of volatile exometabolites by the example of the representatives of Gireoudia and Coelocentrum sections that have exhibited high antimicrobial activity against S. epidermidis and E. coli.

About the authors

Natalya Vladimirovna Tsybulya

Central Siberian Botanical Garden of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: ntsybulya@yandex.ru

candidate of biological sciences, senior researcher of Phytochemistry Laboratory

Russian Federation, Novosibirsk

Tatyana Dmitrievna Fershalova

Central Siberian Botanical Garden of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: fershalova@ngs.ru

candidate of biological sciences, researcher of Scientific and Educational Programs Department

Russian Federation, Novosibirsk

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2. Figure 1 - Seasonal antimicrobial activity of intact begonia leaves against Stachylococcus epidermidis test bacteria

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3. Figure 2 - Seasonal antimicrobial activity of volatile secretions of intact begonia leaves to the test bacteria Escherichia coli

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4. Figure 3 - Seasonal antimicrobial activity of volatile secretions of intact leaves of begonias to Candida albicans fungi

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Copyright (c) 2021 Tsybulya N.V., Fershalova T.D.

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