Assessment of oil companies impact on the ecological status of surrounding area soils

The paper analyzes the study results of the soil layer on the territory of oil and gas companies. Assessment of anthropogenic impact of oil on key chemical and biological parameters of soil is given on the basis of experimental research on the territory of the enterprise. The objects of the study was background (uncontaminated) and contaminated soil. The impact of oil pollution in natural conditions was studied by means of mapping properties of contaminated soils with their background counterparts. Soil cover is the main element of the landscape – the first assumes the «environmental impact». Because of mechanical disturbance and chemical pollution there is a gradual degradation of the soil, which has become one of the major environmental problems of oil and gas complex. The research was conducted in April–May 2017. The analysis shows that the morphological characteristics of the soil have changed significantly. The analysis of the soil phytotoxicity shows a high degree of soil phytotoxicity. The percentage of humus is less than the average content in the upper soil horizon. The analysis of the chemical composition shows a relatively low level of soil contamination with heavy metals, the exception was the concentration of cadmium and cobalt. The oil content does not exceed the MPC.