Complex experimental-trasologic and ethnographic researches of ceramics: technology of manufacturing and burning

Complex experimental-trasological and ethnographic studies of ceramics are shown on the example of their application to the study of technological methods for the manufacture of ancient ceramics. The paper considers the use of different research methods using the materials of Rakushechny Yar settlement on the Lower Don and Maikop culture in the North Caucasus and ethnographic data. Experimental modeling of flat-bottomed vessels of the Neolithic and round-bottomed vessels of Maikop culture is given as an example. It is shown that ceramics in different archaeological epochs were made using several techniques. The technique of making vessels was modeled by experiments. The study of ethnographic data on the technique of making round-bottomed vessels shows that the methods of modeling different vessels are much larger. The work presents archaeological, experimental, tracological and ethnographic data on the production of both flat-bottomed and round-bottomed vessels using the knockout technique. Recently, with the help of this technique, a series of experiments on the modeling of vessels and the subsequent tracological study of the technology of their manufacture with the help of a knockout was performed. For the first time the author shows the use of a combination of various methods of modeling in the manufacture of Neolithic vessels. The data of petrography and experiments on the burning of vessels are given.