Chemical composition and biological activity of peat deposits of oligotrophic bog

The article presents the results of the main general technical, physical and chemical, microbiological and biochemical properties of the oligotrophic bog (Tomsk Region). It shows that peat oligotrophic bog belong to low-ash (2,3–10,9%), high – acid (2,2–3,6 units of pH), with the degree of decomposition – 20–50%. The authors find that the concentration of ammonium nitrogen increases with depth, and nitrate – decreases. The largest accumulation of mobile connections of phosphorus observed in the upper layer of peat deposits (11,20 mg/100 g dry peat). The maximum population of bacterial was concentrated in the upper layers of the deposit (20,6–22,4 billion cells/g). Spores, mycelium was detected in the fungal biomass only to a depth of 175 cm. The correlation analysis showed a direct relationship of fungal mycelium from the readily hydrolyzable substance (r = 0,84). Catalase activity varies from 0,99 to 7,32 ml O₂ / g × 2 min in peat bog deposit. The activity of catalase was influenced by the botanical composition The activity of polyphenol oxidase varies in the peat deposit from 0,13 to 6,72 mg of 1,4-benzoquinone / g × 30 min, changing unevenly in depth. The limits of peroxidase activity in peat bog were 0,69–26,19 mg 1,4-benzoquinone/g × 30 min.