Biomorphological features of plants and amino acid composition of Agastache anisatus and Agastache rugosa (Lamiaceae) proteins under culture conditions in the North

This paper summarizes the results of a long-term collection study of the growth and development of plants of two species of polygrate – Agastache anisatus and A. rugosa (Lamiaceae) in the Botanical Garden of the Institute of Biology, Komi Scientific Center, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences. The material for the study was attracted according to the exchange lists of seeds from other botanical gardens and abroad. Under the conditions of the culture of the middle taiga subzone of the Komi Republic, both types of multi-grate behave like juvenile herbaceous plants. Seeds of these species do not need pre-sowing preparation. When sown in open ground at the end of May – the first ten days of June, mass seedlings were noted on the 12–20^th day, depending on the weather conditions of the season. During the first year of life, the plants successively passed through all phases of the pregenerative period, and only 5–10% of plants passed into the generative period in September, forming one shoot up to 40–45 cm high with 1–3 inflorescences. Winter hardiness of plants of the pregenerative period is quite high, 70–85%. The following year, plant regrowth was observed in mid – may. They entered the flowering phase at the end of July – August, forming 3–5 generative shoots per individual 50–80 cm high, branched in the upper part of the stem up to the second or third order. At the same time, under the conditions of a short northern summer, for 120–130 days of vegetation, plants of the second year of life are able to form abundant self-sowing, but as a result, winter hardiness of plants fell to 10%. Overwintering was tolerated by single individuals, 2–4 specimens from 20–30 generative plants. A more optimal option for growing multi-grate plants in the north is the seedling method. When plants were planted at the age of 30–40 days in early June in open ground with an optimal feeding area of 40 × 40 cm, large branched shoots 50–65 cm high were formed, which until mid-September went through the phases of flowering and fruiting, forming mature seeds. Winter hardiness of seedlings of plants of the first year of life is low. It has been established that under the culture conditions of the middle taiga subzone of the Komi Republic, plants of the multi-grate are able to accumulate a large amount of nitrogenous substances in the aboveground phytomass. Thus, a high content of crude protein was found in the aboveground phytomass of plants of the first and second years of life 26,2–28,8% in Agastache anisatus and 21,9–22,5% A. rugosa. 17 amino acids, including 7 essential amino acids, were found and determined in the above-ground phytomass of plants of polygonium. The proportion of essential amino acids varied from 34 to 39%. The highest indicators in the raw plant phytomass were noted for amino acids: glutamic, aspartic, leucine, proline, lysine and arginine – 13,0, 10,7, 9,0, 8,6, 7,5 and 6,4% respectively.