AMINO ACIDS CONTENT IN WINTER SOFT WHEAT GRAIN

The chemical and amino acid composition of winter wheat grain of the Kazanskaya 560, Saban and Ilvina varieties was studied. Field experiments were laid out in the Laishevsky district of the Republic of Tatarstan on gray forest soil after bare fallow. The cultivation technology is generally accepted for the zone. On average, over two years of study, the Kazanskaya 560 variety had the highest protein content in grain (14.32%) and the lowest starch content (57.97%). A positive correlation was obtained between the protein content and the fiber content (r=0.44) and ash content (r=0.61). A negative correlation was obtained between the protein and fat content in grain (r=-0.46), as well as with the starch content (r=-0.98). The variability of the protein content in grain was 5.45%. The maximum total amount of amino acids was obtained in the Ilvina variety (9.84%) in 2023, which had relatively favorable weather conditions. The Ilvina variety also stood out in terms of the sum of essential acids on average over the two years of study (5.24%). Under the dry conditions of 2024, the sum of amino acids decreased in the Saban variety by 1.36%, the Ilvina variety by 0.68%, and the Kazanskaya 560 variety by 0.07%. It was found that among the essential amino acids, valine (Cv=5.31%), arginine (Cv=8.43%) and histidine (Cv=8.66%) had the lowest variability. Other essential amino acids had average variability (Cv=10.53...19.81%). The Ilvina variety is recommended for inclusion in breeding programs for high grain quality with an increased content of essential amino acids in grain.

winter wheat, variety, protein, essential amino acids