INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT SEEDING RATES AND DOSES OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS ON BUCKWHEAT PRODUCTIVITY AND GRAIN QUALITY

In the conditions of field experience 2021-2024. on gray forest soils of the Bryansk region, the effect of three seeding rates and four doses of mineral fertilizers on the productivity and quality of buckwheat grain was studied. The purpose of the research is to identify the optimal seeding rate and the dose of mineral fertilizer, which ensure an increase and stabilization of the yield and quality of buckwheat grain in the soil and climatic conditions of the Bryansk region. The object of research is a mid-season variety of buckwheat Dasha. The predecessor is winter cereals. The placement of plots in the experiment is systematic, the repetition is three times, the total plot area is 250 m2, the accounting area is 50 m2. The test scheme included 12 options: 4 options for the use of mineral fertilizer (N15P15K15 (control); N30P30K30; N45P45K45; N60P60K60) and 3 seeding rates (3.0 million; 3.5 million and 4.0 million). It was found that the most optimal is the seeding rate of 3.5 million and the dose of the main fertilizer N45P45K45. Using this combination of seeding rate and fertilizer dose, the average number of plants at the time of harvesting was 207 pcs/m2 (with their preservation at the level of 59.0%), the number of grains from 1 plant is 30 pieces, the weight of 1000 grains is 30.4 g, the weight of grain from 1 plant is 0.93 g. Such indicators of the crop structure ensured the highest grain yield at the level of 19.1 c/ha, which is 3.8-8.9 c/ha higher than in other versions of the experiment. The grain obtained in this version of the experiment in terms of quality indicators: core content (76.8%) and size (83.2%) corresponds to class 1.

buckwheat, seeding rate, fertilizer dose, yield, quality