The principle of nationality in science in the writings of the Slavophiles

Background. The relevance of the problem under study is related to a number of factors: the aggravation of the problem of the social significance of science and its role in the realization of na tional interests, the problem of the role of the subject of scientific knowledge, rethinking the role of national worldview. The purpose of the work is to analyze and systematize the views of Slavophiles on nationality and its role in scientific knowledge. Materials and methods. The source base of the work is the works of A.S. Khomyakov, I.V. Kireevsky, P.V. Kireevsky, K.S. Aksakov, Yu.F. Samarin. The main research method is a systematic and comprehensive text analysis. Results. Russian philoso phy and science traced the theoretical origins of the principle of nationality in Russian science and phi losophy of the early 19th century, highlighted aspects of nationality as properties of a cognizing sub ject, outlined the empirical basis for the study of the properties of the Russian people by Slavophiles, identified the signs of the Russian worldview, highlighted by the Slavophiles. Сonclusions. Nationali ty in science at the beginning and middle of the 19th century was determined by both economic, polit ical, and spiritual reasons, being, on the one hand, a pan–European trend, on the other – a national phenomenon. Slavophiles considered nationality to be both a property of cognitive thought and a sub ject of study. Nationality, as a property of cognitive thought, gives a national flavor to any knowledge, its methods of achievement and results, helps to consider an object from a certain angle, depending on the cultural traditions in which the cognitive subject grew up. This goes against objectivity as a princi ple of science, but fits into the modern trend of subjectivization of knowledge by Slavophiles. In the study of nationality, thinkers referred to empirical facts and philosophical constructions. In their theo ries, they proceeded from a national understanding of dialectical methodology and romantic science: ontologism, synthesis of various types of knowledge, and the social significance of science. They con sidered the understanding of nationality to be an important condition for the development of knowledge and the improvement of society.