Inborn errors of immunity and measles. Case report with fatal outcome
- 作者: Tuzankina I.A.1, Bolkov M.A.2, Krohaleva Y.M.3, Volodin A.D.3, Sannikova O.Y.1, Shinwari K.4
-
隶属关系:
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology UrB RAS
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
- Sverdlovsk Regional Pathological Anatomy Bureau
- Nangrahar University
- 期: 卷 15, 编号 4 (2025)
- 页面: 786-793
- 栏目: FOR THE PRACTICAL PHYSICIANS
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/2220-7619/article/view/352130
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-IEO-17861
- ID: 352130
如何引用文章
全文:
详细
The role of postmortem diagnosis is not only to establish the true cause of death, but also to provide feedback to the physician, the health care system and the patient’s relatives. Identifying the true cause of death can save sibs, future children, and sometimes even the patient’s parents. According to the 2024 classification, there are 555 different forms of inborn errors of immunity, and 17 phenocopies, but many of the patients remain undetected both in life and after death. Inborn errors of immunity (or primary immunodeficiencies) often mimic and hide under the mask of other diseases. Infections in patients with inborn errors of immunity may be atypical, persistently recurrent, and may be life-threatening, leading to death or disability of the patient. The same is true for measles, which in immunodeficient patients of any genesis may develop atypically, often with absent or delayed mucosal and cutaneous rashes, and with typical lung lesions. This article describes a clinical case of pneumonia with probable combined lesions from measles and SARS-CoV-2 viruses complicated by bacterial infection. In this case, an equilibrium translocation of long arm regions between chromosomes 7 and 18 was detected in the patient, his sibs and mother. Although this chromosomal pathology is not listed in the classification of inborn errors of immunity, the list of included diagnoses has been continuously expanding, and the presence of inborn immunodeficiency in this clinical case was confirmed morphologically. The National Association of Experts in Primary Immunodeficiencies has developed warning signs of primary immunodeficiencies that may help in the lifetime diagnosis of these diseases. Neonatal screening for the TREC and KREC markers of lymphopenia helps to identify conditions accompanied by defects in T- and B-lymphocyte maturation, and thymus ultrasound is proved to be an essential diagnostic method that helps to detect changes in thymus (one of the main organs of the immune system) size and structure during life. Morphological study, performed either at lifetime during operative thymus resection or postmortem, allows to reveal characteristic signs of immune system dysembryogenesis, including disturbance of thymus size and histological structure, decrease in the number and changes in the size of Hassall’s corpuscles. Thus, based on clinical, morphological and genetic data it reduces a chance of missing primary immunodeficiency, whereas timely diagnostics opens a window for therapeutic intervention and life-saving.
作者简介
I. Tuzankina
Institute of Immunology and Physiology UrB RAS
Email: bolkov_ma@rgnkc.ru
Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, DSc (Medicine), Professor, Head Researcher, Laboratory of Inflammation Immunology
俄罗斯联邦, EkaterinburgMikhail Bolkov
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: bolkov_ma@rgnkc.ru
PhD (Medicine), Adviser to the Director, Russian Gerontology Research and Clinical Centre — autonomous structural subdivision of Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
俄罗斯联邦, MoscowY. Krohaleva
Sverdlovsk Regional Pathological Anatomy Bureau
Email: bolkov_ma@rgnkc.ru
Acting Head
俄罗斯联邦, EkaterinburgA. Volodin
Sverdlovsk Regional Pathological Anatomy Bureau
Email: bolkov_ma@rgnkc.ru
Resident Physician
俄罗斯联邦, EkaterinburgO. Sannikova
Institute of Immunology and Physiology UrB RAS
Email: bolkov_ma@rgnkc.ru
PhD (Medicine), Researcher, Laboratory of Inflammation Immunology
俄罗斯联邦, EkaterinburgK. Shinwari
Nangrahar University
Email: bolkov_ma@rgnkc.ru
PhD (Biology), Researcher, Department of Biology
阿富汗, Jalalabad参考
- Кулида Л.В. Критические периоды развития тимуса на этапах эмбрио- и раннего фетогенеза // Вестник Ивановской медицинской академии. 2011. Т. 16, № 2. С. 63–68. [Kulida L.V. Critical periods of thymus development at the stages of embryo- and early fetogenesis. Vestnik Ivanovskoy Meditsinskoy Akademii = Bulletin of Ivanovo Medical Academy, 2011, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 63–68. (In Russ.)]
- Мухина А.А., Кузьменко Н.Б., Родина Ю.А., Хорева А.Л., Моисеева А.А., Швец О.А., Кондратенко И.В., Латышева Т.В., Латышева Е.А., Костинова А.М., Пащенко О.Е., Пампура А.Н., Зиновьева Н.В., Зимин С.Б., Ильина Н.И., Бологов А.А., Продеус А.П., Балашов Д.Н., Фомина Д.С., Деордиева Е.А., Кутлянцева А.Ю., Вахлярская С.С., Барычева Л.Ю., Кубанова Л.Т., Хачирова Л.С., Сибгатулина Ф.И., Тузанкина И.А., Болков М.А., Шахова Н.В., Камалтынова Е.М., Хайруллина Р.М., Кальметьева Л.Р., Пролыгина Д.Д., Давлетбаева Г.А., Мирсаяпова И.А., Сулима Е.И., Гусева М.Н., Тотолян А.А., Миличкина А.М., Кузнецова Р.Н., Рычкова О.А., Кузьмичева К.П., Грахова М.А., Селезнева О.С., Юдина Н.Б., Орлова Е.А., Самофалова Т.В., Букина Т.В., Мигачева Н.Б., Жестков А.В., Бармина Е.В., Парфенова Н.А., Исакова С.Н., Аверина Е.В., Сазонова И.В., Старикова С.Ю., Шилова Т.В., Асекретова Т.В., Супрун Р.Н., Клещенко Е.И., Лебедев В.В., Демихова Е.В., Демихов В.Г., Калинкина В.А., Тимофеева Е.В., Ермакова А.С., Павлова Т.Б., Шинкарева В.М., Горенькова А.В., Дурягина С.Н., Смолева И.В., Александрова Т.П., Бамбаева З.В., Филиппова М.А., Грачева Е.М., Цывкина Г.И., Ефременков Е.В., Машковская Д.В., Яровая И.В., Алексеенко В.А., Фисюн И.В., Молокова Г.В., Троицкая Е.В., Гольцман Е.А., Пяткина Л.И., Власова Е.В., Уханова О.П., Чернышова Е.Г., Васильева М.М., Лаба О.М., Володина Е.В., Ипатова М.Г., Воронин К.А., Гуркина М.В., Щербина А.Ю., Новичкова Г.А., Румянцев А.Г. Эпидемиология первичных иммунодефицитов в Российской Федерации // Педиатрия. Журнал им. Г.М. Сперанского. 2020. Т. 99, № 2. С. 16–32. [Mukhina A.A., Kuz’menko N.B., Rodina Yu.A., Khoreva A.L., Moiseeva A.A., Shvets O.A., Kondratenko I.V., Latysheva T.V., Latysheva E.A., Kostinova A.M., Pashchenko O.E., Pampura A.N., Zinov’eva N.V., Zimin S.B., Il’ina N.I., Bologov A.A., Prodeus A.P., Balashov D.N., Fomina D.S., Deordieva E.A., Kutlyantseva A.Yu., Vakhlyarskaya S.S., Barycheva L.Yu., Kubanova L.T., Khachirova L.S., Sibgatulina F.I., Tuzankina I.A., Bolkov M.A., Shakhova N.V., Kamaltynova E.M., Khairullina R.M., Kal’met’eva L.R., Prolygina D.D., Davletbaeva G.A., Mirsayapova I.A., Sulima E.I., Guseva M.N., Totolyan A.A., Milichkina A.M., Kuznetsova R.N., Rychkova O.A., Kuz’micheva K.P., Grakhova M.A., Selezneva O.S., Yudina N.B., Orlova E.A., Samofalova T.V., Bukina T.V., Migacheva N.B., Zhestkov A.V., Barmina E.V., Parfenova N.A., Isakova S.N., Averina E.V., Sazonova I.V., Starikova S.Yu., Shilova T.V., Asekretova T.V., Suprun R.N., Kleshchenko E.I., Lebedev V.V., Demikhova E.V., Demikhov V.G., Kalinkina V.A., Timofeeva E.V., Ermakova A.S., Pavlova T.B., Shinkareva V.M., Goren’kova A.V., Duryagina S.N., Smoleva I.V., Aleksandrova T.P., Bambaeva Z.V., Filippova M.A., Gracheva E.M., Tsyvkina G.I., Efremenkov E.V., Mashkovskaya D.V., Yarovaya I.V., Alekseenko V.A., Fisyun I.V., Molokova G.V., Troitskaya E.V., Gol’tsman E.A., Pyatkina L.I., Vlasova E.V., Ukhanova O.P., Chernyshova E.G., Vasil’eva M.M., Laba O.M., Volodina E.V., Ipatova M.G., Voronin K.A., Gurkina M.V., Shcherbina A.Yu., Novichkova G.A., Rumyantsev A.G. Epidemiology of Primary Immunodeficiencies in the Russian Federation. Pediatriya. Zhurnal im. G.M. Speranskogo = Pediatrics. Journal named after G.M. Speransky, 2020, vol. 99, no. 2, pp. 16–32. (In Russ.)] doi: 10.24110/0031-403X-2020-99-2-16-32
- Продеус А.П., Одинаева Н.Д., Воронин С.В., Захарова И.Н., Тузанкина И.А., Володин Н.Н., Жданов К.В., Пампура А.Н., Садыкова Д.И., Кондратьева Е.И., Корсунский А.А., Дегтярева Е.А., Савостьянов К.В., Трусова С.А., Лобенская А.Ю., Никонова Е.С., Лебедева А.С., Лошкова Е.В., Денисова В.Д., Румянцев А.Г. Методические рекомендации по маршрутизации, мониторингу и тактике ведения иммунокомпрометированных детей групп риска и пациентов с врождёнными ошибками иммунитета // Педиатрия. Журнал им. Г.М. Сперанского. 2024. Т. 103, № 6. С. 218–245. [Prodeus A.P., Odinayeva N.D., Voronin S.V., Zakharova I.N., Tuzankina I.A., Volodin N.N., Zhdanov K.V., Pampura A.N., Sadykova D.I., Kondratyeva E.I., Korsunskiy A.A., Degtyareva E.A., Savostyanov K.V., Trusova S.A., Lobenskaya A.Yu., Nikonova Ye.S., Lebedeva A.S., Loshkova E.V., Denisova V.D., Rumyantsev A.G. Guidelines for routing, monitoring and management tactics of immunocompromised children at risk and patients with congenital immune defects. Pediatriya. Zhurnal im. G.M. Speranskogo = Pediatrics. Journal named after G.M. Speransky, 2024, vol. 103, no. 6, pp. 218–245. (In Russ.)] doi: 10.24110/0031-403X-2024-103-6-218-245
- Тузанкина И.А. К вопросу диагностики иммунопатологии // Медицинская иммунология. 2010. Т. 12, № 6. С. 485–496. [Tuzankina I.A. Some Issues of Diagnostics in Immune Pathology. Meditsinskaya Immunologiya = Medical Immunology (Russia), 2010, vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 485–496. (In Russ.)] doi: 10.15789/1563-0625-2010-6-485-496
- Тузанкина И.А., Дерябина С.С., Болков М.А., Басс Е.А., Власова Е.В., Крохалева Я.М., Шершнев В.Н. Первичные иммунодефициты в раннем возрасте. М., 2018. 176 с. [Tuzankina I.A., Deryabina S.S., Bolkov M.A., Bass E.A., Vlasova E.V., Krokhaleva Ya.M., Shershnev V.N. Primary Immunodeficiencies in Early Childhood. Moscow, 2018. 176 p. (In Russ.)]
- Bousfiha A., Moundir A., Tangye S.G., Picard C., Jeddane L., Al-Herz W., Rundles C.C., Franco J.L., Holland S.M., Klein C., Morio T., Oksenhendler E., Puel A., Puck J., Seppänen M.R.J., Somech R., Su H.C., Sullivan K.E., Torgerson T.R., Meyts I. The 2022 Update of IUIS Phenotypical Classification for Human Inborn Errors of Immunity. J. Clin. Immunol., 2022, vol. 42, no. 7, pp. 1508–1520. doi: 10.1007/s10875-022-01352-z
- Branch A., Modi B., Bahrani B., Hildebrand K.J., Cameron S.B., Junker A.K., Turvey S.E., Biggs C.M. Diverse Clinical Features and Diagnostic Delay in Monogenic Inborn Errors of Immunity: A Call for Access to Genetic Testing. Pediatr. Allergy Immunol., 2021, vol. 32, no. 8, pp. 1796–1803. doi: 10.1111/pai.13571
- Casanova J.L., Abel L. The Genetic Theory of Infectious Diseases: A Brief History and Selected Illustrations. Annu. Rev. Genomics Hum. Genet., 2013, vol. 14, pp. 215–243. doi: 10.1146/annurev-genom-091212-153448
- Dalvi A., Bargir U.A., Natraj G., Shah I., Madkaikar M. Diagnosis and Management of Infections in Patients With Mendelian Susceptibility to Mycobacterial Disease. Pathogens, 2024, vol. 13, pp. 203. doi: 10.3390/pathogens13030203
- Editorial. Concerning Global Rise in Measles Cases. EClinicalMedicine, 2024, vol. 68, no. 102502. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102502
- Griffin D.E. Measles Virus Persistence and Its Consequences. Curr. Opin. Virol., 2020, vol. 41, pp. 46–51. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2020.03.003
- Inborn Errors of Immunity Committee (IEI). URL: https://iuis.org/committees/iei (28.01.2025)
- Koch A., Krönert C., Lotti T., Vojvodic A., Wollina U. Adult Measles — Case Reports of a Highly Contagious Disease. Open Access Maced. J. Med. Sci., 2019, vol. 7, no. 18, pp. 3009–3012. doi: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.540
- Mehta M., Reynolds M., Yee J. Primary Measles Encephalitis. J. Educ. Teach. Emerg. Med., 2020, vol. 15, no. 5(2), pp. S26–S54. doi: 10.21980/J80S75
- Moussallem T.M., Guedes F., Fernandes E.R., Pagliari C., Lancellotti C.L., de Andrade H.F. Jr., Duarte M.I. Lung Involvement in Childhood Measles: Severe Immune Dysfunction Revealed by Quantitative Immunohistochemistry. Hum. Pathol., 2007, vol. 38, no. 8, pp. 1239–1247. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2007.01.015
- Notarangelo L.D., Bacchetta R., Casanova J.L., Su H.C. Human Inborn Errors of Immunity: An Expanding Universe. Sci. Immunol., 2020, vol. 5, no. 49: eabb1662. doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abb1662
- Paules C.I., Marston H.D., Fauci A.S. Measles in 2019 — Going Backward. N. Engl. J. Med., 2019, vol. 380, no. 23, pp. 2185–2187. doi: 10.1056/NEJMp1905099
- Picard C., Casanova J.L., Puel A. Infectious Diseases in Patients With IRAK-4, MyD88, NEMO, or IκBα Deficiency. Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 2011, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 490–497. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00001-11
- World Health Organization. Measles. URL: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/measles (28.01.2025)
补充文件





