Human body resistance dynamics in the post-covid period
- Authors: Zhdanova E.V.1, Rubtsova E.V.2, Kostolomova E.G.1
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Affiliations:
- Tyumen State Medical University
- National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after academician G.A. Ilizarov
- Issue: Vol 14, No 4 (2024)
- Pages: 747-755
- Section: ORIGINAL ARTICLES
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/2220-7619/article/view/268708
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-HBR-17659
- ID: 268708
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Abstract
The issue of the state of specific and nonspecific resistance in the post-COVID period and the possible consequences of COVID-19 remains poorly understood. A clinical and laboratory examination of 124 patients was conducted at various time points after COVID-19 infection. 62 patients recovered completely and 62 had post-COVID syndrome. The leukocyte count and leukogram were evaluated in all patients. Immunogram parameters were additionally evaluated in patients with post-COVID syndrome. The results showed that, regardless of post-COVID syndrome, leukocyte count is lower in all patients within six months after COVID-19 infection than in unaffected subjects. The absolute neutrophil count is restored only 12 months later. In the presence of post-COVID syndrome, the absolute number of CD3+, CD4+ and CD19+ lymphocytes was lower than in healthy people. At the same time, 3 to 15 months after that, IgA titer in patients with PCS was significantly lower and that of for total IgM and IgG was higher without any clinical or laboratory signs of inflammation. The total blood IgE level was significantly higher and increased by the end of the observation period. A decreased activity of nonspecific protection, as well as indicators of cellular and humoral immunity in patients with post-COVID syndrome is accompanied by higher rate of viral and bacterial infections of various localization. Whereas during the first period an increase in total blood ID is not accompanied by clinical signs of atopy, then 6 months later the frequency of allergy increases. During the same period, cases of a joint syndrome revealed as arthralgia or progressive joint destruction become more frequent. Atopic manifestations are often combined with joint syndrome. Thus, after a COVID-19 infection, a low long-term level of nonspecific protection remains in vivo. In patients with post-COVID syndrome, low nonspecific and specific body resistance is manifested by viral and bacterial infections of the mucous membranes and skin. An imbalance in the immune system contributes to developing allergic and autoimmune processes.
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##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
Ekaterina V. Zhdanova
Tyumen State Medical University
Author for correspondence.
Email: zhdanova.e.v@bk.ru
DSc (Medicine), Professor, Head of Pathological Physiology Department
Russian Federation, TyumenE. V. Rubtsova
National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after academician G.A. Ilizarov
Email: zhdanova.e.v@bk.ru
PhD Student
Russian Federation, KurganE. G. Kostolomova
Tyumen State Medical University
Email: zhdanova.e.v@bk.ru
PhD (Biology), Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology
Russian Federation, TyumenReferences
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