Antimicrobial activity of aqueous dispersions of silver nanoparticles against pathogens of purulent-inflammatory diseases

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Abstract

Currently, metal nanostructures are widely used in medical, microbiological, and veterinary practice. Silver nanoparticles are especially promising as antimicrobial agents, becauseno published data regarding antimicrobial resistance are available. Whiledeveloping preparations based on metal nanoparticles, an important remainingissue is the choice of a stabilizer, introduction of which during the synthesis ensures the preservation of structures at the nanoscale range, and, consequently, relevant main characteristics, including biocidal properties. The object of the study was to investigate silver nanoparticle aqueous dispersions stabilized by natural and synthetic polymeric compounds. Routine strains of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were used as experimental models: S. aureus 209 P, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Proteus mirabilis ATCC 3177 (O-form), Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 31488, obtained from the Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products. The antimicrobial activity of diverse variants of silver nanoparticle aqueous dispersions was assessed by serial dilution platingon dense nutrient medium. In this work, we examined no effect of silver nanoparticles without stabilizers, because their absence led to rapid agglomeration of nanostructures and loss of nanoscale characteristics. The highest sensitivity of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was foundto the action of ansilver nanoparticle aqueous dispersions stabilized by polyazolidinammoniumand modified with iodine hydrate ions. Drug working concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 3% had a bactericidal effect against pathogens of purulent-inflammatory diseases, and the minimum working concentration of 0.125% led to decreased colony-forming units by 20–57% for diverse bacterial strains. Silver nanoparticles stabilized with sodium dodecyl sulfate showed high efficiency against the studied test strainsprobably due to the high toxicity of the stabilizer used as was previously established during a comprehensive safety assessment using biotest objects and cell cultures. In this regard, its use as a component of antimicrobial preparations is not preferred. The results of the studies showed that among the variants of silver nanoparticle aqueous dispersions, preparations stabilized with polyvinyl alcohol and polyazolidinammonium modified with iodine hydrate ions are the most promising for use in biomedical practice, because they demonstrate a high level of antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as causative agents of purulent-inflammatory diseases and a low toxicity level. This allows us to recommend them as safe and effective antimicrobial components indisinfectants, as well as antiseptic preparations for prevention and treatment of skin and soft tissue infectious diseases.

About the authors

Olga V. Nechaeva

Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov

Email: olgav.nechaeva@rambler.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3331-1051
SPIN-code: 9984-9594

PhD, MD (Biology), Professor of the Department of Ecology and Technosphere Safety

Russian Federation, Saratov

Tatiana A. Shulgina

Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky, Scientific Research Institute of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Neurosurgery

Email: tshylgina2012@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2393-6402
SPIN-code: 4148-3558

Biologist

Russian Federation, Saratov

Ksenia V. Zubova

Saratov State University

Email: zubovaksushechka@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9406-080X
SPIN-code: 2858-5323

Graduate Students, Department of Microbiology and Plant Physiology

Russian Federation, Saratov

Elena V. Glinskaya

Saratov State University

Email: elenavg-2007@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1675-5438
SPIN-code: 2724-1359

PhD (Biology), Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology and Plant Physiology, Biological Faculty

Russian Federation, Saratov

Natalia V. Bespalova

Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov

Email: n.v.bespalova.sstu@gmail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3733-3119
SPIN-code: 1676-8226

PhD (Physics and Mathematics), Associate Professor, Department of Information Security of Automated Systems

Russian Federation, Saratov

Nikolay I. Darin

LLC “M9”

Email: nickel@nmt-9.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7009-3308
SPIN-code: 1708-6649

Technical Drector

Russian Federation, Tolyatti

Elena I. Tichomirova

Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov

Email: tichomirova_ei@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6030-7344
SPIN-code: 7673-8480

PhD, MD (Biology), Professor, Head of the Department of Ecology and Technosphere Safety

Russian Federation, Saratov

Anna G. Afinogenova

St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute

Author for correspondence.
Email: spbtestcenter@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8175-0708
SPIN-code: 9188-3533

PhD, MD (Biology), Leading Researcher, Head of Laboratory Testing Centre

Russian Federation, 14, Mira str., St. Petersburg, 197101

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2. Figure 1. Antimicrobial activity of carboxymethyl cellulose-stabilized silver nanoparticle aqueous dispersion (М±m, p ≤ 0.05)

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3. Figure 2. Antimicrobial activity of ansodium oleate-stabilized silver nanoparticle aqueous dispersion (М±m, p ≤ 0.05)

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4. Figure 3. Antimicrobial activity of aqueous dispersion of silver nanoparticles stabilized by polyvinyl alcohol, sodium dodecyl sulfate and iodine hydrate ion-modified polyazolidylammonium (М±m, p ≤ 0.05)

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Copyright (c) 2022 Nechaeva O.V., Shulgina T.A., Zubova K.V., Glinskaya E.V., Bespalova N.V., Darin N.I., Tichomirova E.I., Afinogenova A.G.

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