Anti-interferon alpha autoantibodies and their significance in COVID-19
- Authors: Petrikov S.S.1, Borovkova N.V.1, Popugaev K.A.1, Storozheva M.V.1, Kvasnikov A.M.1, Godkov M.A.1
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Affiliations:
- N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of Moscow Healthcare Department
- Issue: Vol 12, No 2 (2022)
- Pages: 279-287
- Section: ORIGINAL ARTICLES
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/2220-7619/article/view/119059
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-AAA-1789
- ID: 119059
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Abstract
During the last two years, treatment of patients with novel coronavirus infection COVID-19 remains an urgent health problem. Interferon proteins are known to play a significant role in antiviral immunity. Some pathological conditions are accompanied by production of neutralizing autologous immunoglobulins against own host interferons (auto-IFN-Abs). There is evidence that autoantibodies against interferons alpha and omega are detected in patients with life-threatening course of COVID-19 pneumonia. The aim of our study was to analyze prevalence of autoantibodies against interferon alpha in patients with COVID-19 coronavirus infection and assess their impact on clinical course of the disease. We examined 70 patients with severe COVID-19, who received inpatient treatment at the intensive care units. Serum autoantibodies against interferon alpha were determined on day 8–50 after disease onset by using solid-phase enzyme immunoassay (ELISA). Patients were divided into 2 groups: those with and without (group 2) autoantibodies against interferon alpha (group 1). Anti-COVID serum from 57 donors was used a control. Among patients, autoantibodies against interferon alpha were detected in 13 (18%) subjects, which level ranged from 26.8 to 1000 ng/ml. Among donors, auto-IFN-Abs were detected in 5 (8.8%) subjects at trace concentrations (from 1.65 to 12.0 ng/ml). Respiratory failure developed significantly more often in patients with auto-IFN-Abs. While analyzing laboratory parameters, it was noted that the concentration of C-reactive protein was significantly higher in the group of patients with auto-IFN-Abs. Mortality rate of patients with high auto-IFN-Abs levels was 60%. In conclusion, it was found that serum autoantibodies against IFN alpha in COVID-19 patients caused lung damage that significantly more often required hardware respiratory support, so comparable by duration with it for patients without auto-IFN-Abs. High concentrations of auto-IFN-Abs (more than 100 ng/ml) in patients with COVID-19 can be considered as a predictor of unfavorable disease outcome.
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##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
S. S. Petrikov
N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of Moscow Healthcare Department
Email: PetrikovSS@sklif.mos.ru
RAS corresponding member, PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Director
Russian Federation, 129090, Moscow, Bolshaya Sukharevskaya sq., 3N. V. Borovkova
N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of Moscow Healthcare Department
Email: BorovkovaNV@sklif.mos.ru
PhD, MD (Medicine), Head of the Department of Biotechnologies and Transfusiology
Russian Federation, 129090, Moscow, Bolshaya Sukharevskaya sq., 3K. A. Popugaev
N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of Moscow Healthcare Department
Email: PopugaevKA@sklif.mos.ru
PhD, MD (Medicine), Head of the Regional Vascular Center of the State Medical Institution, Deputy Director
Russian Federation, 129090, Moscow, Bolshaya Sukharevskaya sq., 3Mayya V. Storozheva
N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of Moscow Healthcare Department
Email: mayya.storozheva@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1927-2404
Researcher, Department of Biotechnology and Transfusiology
Russian Federation, 129090, Moscow, Bolshaya Sukharevskaya sq., 3A. M. Kvasnikov
N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of Moscow Healthcare Department
Email: KvasnikovAM@sklif.mos.ru
Anesthesiologist and Emergency Physician, Intensive Care Unit
Russian Federation, 129090, Moscow, Bolshaya Sukharevskaya sq., 3M. A. Godkov
N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of Moscow Healthcare Department
Author for correspondence.
Email: GodkovMA@sklif.mos.ru
PhD, MD (Medicine), Head of the Laboratory Diagnostics Department
Russian Federation, 129090, Moscow, Bolshaya Sukharevskaya sq., 3References
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