儿童肿瘤患者骨水泥植入综合征的病理生理表型及临床观察
- 作者: Leonov N.P.1, Leonova V.A.1, Schukin V.V.1, Shcherbakov A.P.1, Madonov P.G.2, Lazarev V.V.1,3, Spiridonova E.A.4,5, Grachev N.S.1
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隶属关系:
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology
- Novosibirsk State Medical University
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
- Russian University of Medicine
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology
- 期: 卷 15, 编号 1 (2025)
- 页面: 91-100
- 栏目: Case reports
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/2219-4061/article/view/312986
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/psaic1885
- ID: 312986
如何引用文章
详细
儿童肿瘤患者的骨水泥植入综合征(bone cement implantation syndrome, BCIS)目前尚未得到充分研究。其多模式发病机制可分为两种临床病理生理表型:过敏反应型(分布性休克)和栓塞型(阻塞性休克)。两种表型均与凝血病相关,其最严重的表现形式为血栓危象。血栓形成的具体机制取决于该综合征的病理生理表型:过敏性表型主要涉及微血栓形成;栓塞性表型既涉及微血栓形成,也涉及纤维蛋白形成。病例 1(过敏性表型):本病例展示了骨水泥植入综合征通过过敏机制发展的过程。一名男孩因股骨骨肉瘤接受原发性肿瘤切除术后植入骨水泥间隔器(cement spacer)。我们推测,在此阶段可能发生了致敏反应。这一推测得到了计算机断层扫描(CT)结果的支持,具体表现为右股骨上段骨膜反应的存在。在膝关节置换术中应用骨水泥后,患儿出现严重的血流动力学紊乱、心律失常和氧合障碍。尽管该表型的典型机制为微血栓形成,但得益于有效的抗休克治疗和早期肝素抗凝治疗,成功避免了严重的多器官功能衰竭和危及生命的血栓形成并发症。病例 2(栓塞性表型):本病例展示了骨水泥植入综合征的栓塞性表型。另一名男孩因胫骨成骨肉瘤接受膝关节置换术,在术中骨水泥植入后,出现低血压、心动过速性心律失常、低氧血症和低碳酸血症。术后患儿持续出现低氧血症,CT检查显示左肺动脉分支壁缺损,并存在双肺段动脉分支阻塞;D-二聚体水平升高,超声心动图提示右心腔压力增高。术后第20天,患儿吸空气时血氧饱和度恢复正常。CT检查显示左肺动脉的填充缺损消失,但右肺上叶、中叶及左肺下叶的肺动脉分支仍存在阻塞。该病例表明,栓塞性BCIS的血流动力学危象表现为典型的阻塞性休克,并且微血栓形成与纤维蛋白生成的协同作用导致了血栓并发症的发生。本研究提出的BCIS病理生理表型分类有助于制定针对性预防和 治疗策略,以优化血流动力学管理并降低血栓相关并发症的发生率。该方法具有重要临床价值, 并可能降低不良结局及并发症的发生率。
作者简介
Nikolai P. Leonov
Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology
编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: NikoLeonov@ya.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4364-8937
SPIN 代码: 2128-9110
MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)
俄罗斯联邦, MoscowViktoria A. Leonova
Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology
Email: NikoLeonov@ya.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0008-7200-8278
俄罗斯联邦, Moscow
Vladislav V. Schukin
Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology
Email: schukin.vv@ya.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7945-2565
SPIN 代码: 4572-8611
MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)
俄罗斯联邦, MoscowAlexey P. Shcherbakov
Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology
Email: alexey.shcherbakov@dgoi.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8129-0545
俄罗斯联邦, Moscow
Pavel G. Madonov
Novosibirsk State Medical University
Email: pmadonov@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1093-8938
SPIN 代码: 9457-4580
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor
俄罗斯联邦, NovosibirskVladimir V. Lazarev
Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
Email: lazarev_vv@inbox.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8417-3555
SPIN 代码: 4414-0677
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor
俄罗斯联邦, Moscow; MoscowElena A. Spiridonova
Russian University of Medicine; Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology
Email: spiridonova.e.a@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5230-5725
SPIN 代码: 1729-8002
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor
俄罗斯联邦, Moscow; MoscowNikolai S. Grachev
Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology
Email: nick-grachev@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4451-3233
SPIN 代码: 2836-2349
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)
俄罗斯联邦, Moscow参考
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