Regulation of Telomerase Activity

Resumo

The published data on the regulation of telomerase activity are systemized. The structure and functions of telomeres and telomerase are described. The main pathways of epigenetic regulation of telomerase activity—modification of the TERT (telomerase reserve transcriptase) gene histone and its methylation— are described. Particular attention is paid to the regulation of telomerase activity at the transcriptional level (transcriptional activators and inhibitors of TERT, as well as two-way transcription regulators) and posttranscriptional regulation (alternative splicing of TERT mRNA, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of TERT).