Diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in XXI century: what has changed?

This article discusses approaches to diagnosis of TB, have changed in the twenty-first century in the light of new knowledge and capacity. In the work of phthysiologists and general practitioners need to abandon previously prevailing simplified stereotypes of diagnosis of TB. Knowledge of trends in TB epidemiology, in particular, a high risk of developing it in HIV-infected and socio-maladjusted persons will help doctors of all specialties to better identify patients with TB. Widespread nontuberculous mycobacteriosis in the declining incidence and prevalence of TB and similar manifestations of these diseases require physicians to consider the possibility of an alternative diagnosis.

tuberculosis, nontuberculous mycobacteriosis, HIV infection, lungs, diagnosis