BURNOUT AS PROFESSIONAL PROBLEM OF MODERN PUBLIC HEALTHCARE

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Abstract

In the review, there are demonstrated risk factors and basic pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of professional burnout among healthcare workers and students. Burnout is established already within the first year of medical education, the total rate of burnout among healthcare workers’ reaches 50%. The consequences of this state are accompanied by significant decrease in the quality of rendering medical aid. For healthcare workers, negative consequences of burnout have a wide character and include decrease in the quality of work with patients, increase in taking anxiolytic drugs, elevated suicidal risk, they cause reduction in the quality of life, development of organic and psychologically conditioned diseases. Professional burnout is of multifactor origin, it includes combination of personal, psychodynamic, professional and ecological factors, which can provoke burnout. The reasons of this state, directly connected with work, are the following: long working day, large number of problems to be solved simultaneously, insufficient supply of resources, poor social support. Burnout is a syndrome, including three key elements: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization (cynicism) and low estimation of personal achievements. Special attention should be paid to rehabilitation and prognosis for this pathology. Psychological training, optimization of productivity and improvement of working conditions contribute to reduction of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, decline in psychological load among healthcare workers. In fight with burnout, very important are preventive measures, including optimization of interpersonal relationships in collectives and regulation of communication with patients, creation of possibilities for career development, growth of salary.

About the authors

Andrei A. Svistunov

Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

Email: svistunov@sechenov.ru
член-кор. РАН, д-р мед. наук, проф. Moscow, Russia

Mikhail A. Osadchuk

Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

д-р мед. наук, проф., зав. каф. поликлинической терапии Moscow, Russia

Ekaterina D. Mironova

Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

клинический врач-ординатор каф. поликлинической терапии Института клинической медицины Moscow, Russia

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