Ways to improve performance of an internal combustion engine regarding the loading conditions of vehicle transmission

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Import substitution has become the most important direction of the development of the country's economy in the conditions of the sanctions policy. In this regard, high requirements are imposed on the production to ensure the competitiveness of automotive machinery. Automotive machinery is a key component of the country's economy that is confirmed by the growth of road transport. Meanwhile, growth of the vehicle fleet leads to increase in consuming of petroleum-derived fuel, which main disadvantage is emission of harmful substances, therefore, internal combustion engines of automotive machinery should ensure low fuel consumption and less emissions of harmful substances with exhaust gases. However, the engine operating modes largely depend on the loads generated in the vehicle transmission.

AIMS: To determine the possibilities of expanding the ranges of power regulation of an internal combustion engine of a vehicle, on the one hand, ensuring low fuel consumption and less emission of harmful substances with exhaust gases, and on the other hand, providing with the power required for a vehicle to move, regarding the type of transmission and propulsion.

METHODS: The analysis of possible conventional and unconventional operating cycles of an internal combustion engine is carried out. The method of mathematical modeling of the formation of torques in various types of vehicle transmission is used.

RESULTS: Possible ways of expanding the ranges of power regulation of an internal combustion engine providing with the required power, low fuel consumption and less emission of harmful substances with exhaust gases, as well as transmission layouts and processes of forming the required power in them to ensure the vehicle movement are considered.

CONCLUSIONS: The considered in the article approach of expanding the ranges of power regulation of an internal combustion engine of a vehicle makes it possible to conclude that it is necessary to use the principles of a scientific approach to the process of development of vehicle transmissions capable of controlling an internal combustion engine depending on loads, ensuring its operation with minimal fuel consumption and emission of harmful substances.

About the authors

Alexey A. Berdnikov

Perm Military Institute of the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation

Author for correspondence.
Email: aa-berdnikov@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1716-6659
SPIN-code: 1472-8701

Professor of the of Engineering Support of Service and Combat Activities of the National Guard Troops Department

Russian Federation, 1 Gremyachy Log street, 614030 Perm

Anton O. Shangutov

Perm Military Institute of the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation

Email: army_5559@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7054-8109
SPIN-code: 2737-5382

Associate Professor, Dr. Sci. (Mil.), Associate Professor of the Department of Food and Clothing Supply

Russian Federation, 1 Gremyachy Log street, 614030 Perm

Artem V. Shilonosov

Perm Military Institute of the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation

Email: artemjch@rambler.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0000-2513-5444
SPIN-code: 3760-6350

Associate Professor of the Department of Computer Engineering Software and Automated Systems

Russian Federation, 1 Gremyachy Log street, 614030 Perm

References

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  2. Berdnikov AA, Mingazov SR, Zhukov AA. Increasing the economic performance of internal combustion engines by turning off part of the cylinders. Sovremennye naukoemkie tekhnologii. 2017;1:12–16. (in Russ.)
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Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
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2. Fig. 1. Full-load curve of an internal combustion engine with specific fuel consumption areas:

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3. Fig. 2. Diagram of the engine with water injection: 1 – a crankshaft; 2, 14 – connecting rods; 3 – a main cylinder; 4, 13 – pistons; 5, 9 – intake valves; 6 – a fuel injection nozzle; 7, 11 – exhaust valves; 8 – a bypass flue; 10 – a water injection nozzle; 12 – an additional cylinder.

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4. Fig. 3. Engines with an unconventional operating cycle: a – the Scuderi two-stroke engine [6]; b – a five-stroke engine [5].

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5. Fig. 4. Diagram of vehicle transmission with a symmetrical differential.

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6. Fig. 5. Diagram of vehicle transmission with an interside differential.

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7. Fig. 6. Distribution densities of maximal torques in a manual transmission with individual drive: a – at the drive shafts of the front axle; b – at the rear axle drive shafts; – at the rigid propulsor; ▬▬▬▬ – drivetrain without regulation of value of kinematic mismatch; ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ – drivetrain with regulation of value of kinematic mismatch.

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8. Fig. 7. The scheme of the wheel drive in the individual transmission: ПЧ – a frequency converter

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