Classification of organizational and management investigative situations in crime investigation

Purpose of the study. The article is devoted to the classification of organizational and managerial investigative situations in the preliminary investigation of crimes. Based on the analysis of a number of forensic theories, a division of these situations into ordered and disordered based on organizational and managerial uncertainty is proposed. Ordered situations are characterized by the absence of structural and functional problems and focus on the procedural recording of facts. Disordered situations are formed under the influence of practical ambiguities, administrative barriers and limitations in available means, which prompts the investigator to search for ways to improve process coordination. The principles of classification, the impact of uncertainty on the investigation process and ways to overcome it are discussed. The article emphasizes the importance of situation recognition for the effective implementation of criminal proceedings. The aim of the study is to develop a classification of organizational and managerial investigative situations of preliminary investigation of crimes based on a situational approach, taking into account the principles of forensic classification, in order to optimize the organizational and managerial function of the investigator aimed at obtaining forensically significant information and fulfilling the purpose of criminal proceedings. Conclusions. Based on an analysis of forensic classifications and principles for dividing concepts, it is proposed to classify organizational and managerial investigative situations based on organizational and managerial uncertainty into two types: structured and disordered. Structured situations represent an ideal investigative environment, where structural and functional problems are absent, and the process is reduced to the procedural recording of the circumstances of the crime. Disordered situations are characterized by administrative obstacles, practical ambiguities, and a lack of real or personal opportunities to resolve them, which requires additional resources and an adjusted approach. The main challenge lies in reducing organizational uncertainty using procedural and forensic tools. Correctly recognizing and resolving these situations ensures the effectiveness of the preliminary investigation, minimizing the risk of error and facilitating the achievement of the goals of criminal proceedings.