METHODS FOR FUNCTIONAL PEDAGOGICAL TESTING OF STABILIZER MUSCLES IN THE CERVICAL SPINE IN CHILDREN WITH DOWN SYNDROME
- Authors: Bezryadnov E.A.1, Eydel'man L.N.1
-
Affiliations:
- Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia
- Issue: No 1 (2026)
- Pages: 187-193
- Section: Wellness and adaptive physical education
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/1994-4683/article/view/382394
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.5930/1994-4683-2026-1-187-193
- ID: 382394
Cite item
Full Text
Abstract
The article presents an analytical review of the issues related to pedagogical testing of the endurance of cervical spine stabilizer muscles in children with cervical spine instability (CSI), which is a widespread phenomenon associated with Down syndrome. It is shown that currently there is no established set of pedagogical tests for assessing the physical qualities of cervical spine stabilizer muscle groups, aimed at the initial identification of markers that could indicate the potential presence of CSI.
The purpose of the study was to identify the means for functional pedagogical testing of the cervical spine stabilizer muscles in children with Down syndrome.
Research methods and organization. In the course of the pilot study, analysis and synthesis of scientific and methodological literature, analysis of IPRA of the participants, surveys of adaptive swimming coaches, and questionnaires for orthopedic doctors were applied. The study was conducted at the State Budgetary Institution Children's Youth Center of the Moscow District of Saint Petersburg "CFKSIZ " and at the St. Petersburg State Budgetary Institution " CAPCSAS SPb".
Research results and conclusions. A set of control exercises for pedagogical testing has been developed, and the initial positions have been modified. The ability to accurately determine the physical indicators of the cervical spine stabilizer muscles is an effective means for selecting the most optimal methods of pedagogical intervention when teaching swimming to children with Down syndrome who have diagnosed cervical spine instability. The necessity of taking individual characteristics into account in swimming instruction is substantiated, and, consequently, the development of an adapted teaching methodology is justified, incorporating means of functional pedagogical testing of the cervical spine stabilizer muscles in children with Down syndrome.
The purpose of the study was to identify the means for functional pedagogical testing of the cervical spine stabilizer muscles in children with Down syndrome.
Research methods and organization. In the course of the pilot study, analysis and synthesis of scientific and methodological literature, analysis of IPRA of the participants, surveys of adaptive swimming coaches, and questionnaires for orthopedic doctors were applied. The study was conducted at the State Budgetary Institution Children's Youth Center of the Moscow District of Saint Petersburg "CFKSIZ " and at the St. Petersburg State Budgetary Institution " CAPCSAS SPb".
Research results and conclusions. A set of control exercises for pedagogical testing has been developed, and the initial positions have been modified. The ability to accurately determine the physical indicators of the cervical spine stabilizer muscles is an effective means for selecting the most optimal methods of pedagogical intervention when teaching swimming to children with Down syndrome who have diagnosed cervical spine instability. The necessity of taking individual characteristics into account in swimming instruction is substantiated, and, consequently, the development of an adapted teaching methodology is justified, incorporating means of functional pedagogical testing of the cervical spine stabilizer muscles in children with Down syndrome.
About the authors
Egor Aleksandrovich Bezryadnov
Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia
SPIN-code: 8593-3444
Lyubov' Nikolaevna Eydel'man
Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia
Email: info@natali-fitnes.spb.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5926-6351
SPIN-code: 8070-5840
docent, doctor of pedagogical sciences
References
- Подвывих C1-C2 миф или реальность в генезе острой кривошеи у детей / А. В. Губин, Э. В. Ульрих, А. Н. Ялфимов, А. И. Тащилкин // Хирургия позвоночника. 2008. № 4. C. 8–12. EDN: KPNJMF.
- Jung M., Zind A., Ernst M. A new test protocol and device for measuring the cranio-cervical flexion test in participants with bruxism. doi: 10.33393/aop.2025.3448 // Archives of Physiotherapy. 2025. № 15. P. 138–147.
- Официальные Генеральные Правила Специальной Олимпиады. Москва : Министерство спорта РФ, 2018. 164 с.
- B3GALT6 mutations lead to compromised connective tissue biomechanics in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome / R. M. Diana, B. Jolivet, J-B. Vincourt, S. Hergalant // JCI Insight. 2025. № 10. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.179474. EDN: HFVUBW.
- Всероссийская Федерация спорта лиц с интеллектуальными нарушениями. Критерии годности для лиц с синдромом Дауна – ИИ 2. Годность и классификация. URL: https://www.rsf-id.ru/dokumenty/godnost-i-klassifikatsiya.html (дата обращения: 11.11.2025).
- Безряднов Е. А. Воздействие стиля плавания кроль на спине на мышечные группы шейного отдела позвоночника // Физическая культура и спорт в образовательном пространстве: инновации и перспективы развития : сборник материалов Всерос. научно-практ. конф.. Т. 2 / под редакцией Фокина А. М., Малышевой Е. В., Костова Ф. Ф. Санкт-Петербург, 2025. С. 161–164. EDN: UIVPNN.
- Presentation and physical therapy management of upper cervical instability in patients with symptomatic generalized joint hypermobility: International expert consensus recommendations / Russek L. N., Block N. P., Byrne E. [et al.]. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1072764 // Frontiers in medicine. 2023. № 9. EDN: HPYKHI.
- The relationship between cervical flexor endurance, cervical extensor endurance, VAS, and disability in subjects with neck pain / Parazza S., Vanti C., O’Reilly C. [et al.]. doi: 10.1186/2045-709X-22-10 // Chiropractic & manual therapies. 2014. № 22. P. 10. EDN: SPJYHV.
- Muscle activation during selected strength exercises in women with chronic neck muscle pain / Andersen L. L., Kjær M., Andersen C. H. [et al.]. doi: 10.2522/ptj.20070304 // Physical Therapy. 2008. № 88. P. 703–711.
- Examining the Range of Motion of the Cervical Spine: Utilising Different Bedside Instruments / Sukari A., Singh S., Bohari M. [et al.]. doi: 10.21315/mjms2021.28.2.9 // The Malaysian journal of medical sciences. 2021. № 28. P. 100–105. EDN: BXNOPP.
Supplementary files
