Vol 25, No 4 (2025)

Introduction. The modern scientific galaxy of Japanese economists maintained the continuity of theoretical views and predetermined the vector of “Westernization” in the evolution of the “Flying Wild Geese” conceptual paradigm. Scientific review. Since the 1960s, Japan has established itself as an industrially developed trading power. In the 1980s, the “Flying Wild Geese” paradigm became a model for East Asia. Japan managed regional economic relations, implemented a cooperation program, being the world’s largest distributor of aid, and reserved funds for neighboring countries. In the role of the “leading goose” of East Asia, Japanese economy introduced new products and technologies, expanded the area of regional division of labor, and increased imports and exports. The scientific work of K. Kojima affected the understanding of changes in the Japanese, East Asian and world economies of the last third of the XX century. The scientist’s conceptual schemes explained the relationship between the increase in foreign direct investment by Japanese corporations, the development of international labor division, trade and integration, and the economic growth of Asian countries in chronological and hierarchical order. S. Okita made a major contribution to promoting the “Flying Wild Geese” model in the global political and economic discourse. T. Ozawa proved that Japan had achieved success by relying on the use of its traditional moral and social values in state economic policy and the organization of entrepreneurial activity. S. Kasahara studied the problems of international policy of economic development and trade, the role of the state in industrialization, integration, and development of East Asian countries within the framework of the “Flying Wild Geese” paradigm. Conclusion. The conducted research showed the historical and economic conditionality of the “Flying Wild Geese” paradigm evolution in the modern political economy of Japan.

Introduction. Cadastral systems are the cornerstone of state infrastructure, performing a dual but an interconnected function: ensuring the fiscal stability of the state and guaranteeing the property rights of entities. Firstly, they systematically form and administer the taxable base. This is achieved through comprehensive registration, accounting, spatial localization and scientifically substantiated valuation of all types of real estate (land, buildings, premises, etc.), creating a verified information base. Secondly, the cadaster acts as a key institution for guaranteeing the property rights of individuals and legal entities. Theoretical analysis. The implementation of the digital platform “National Spatial Data System” will allow to create a universal tool including unified data intended for aggregation, systematization and ensuring interoperability of spatial data generated by a wide range of federal executive bodies. The implementation of such a system will have a transformative effect on tax administration and tax control procedures, which will serve as a catalyst for the transition from discrete and fragmented operational procedures to an integrated, analytically sound and highly automated paradigm of fiscal management. Based on open data, the analysis of the spatial data system implementation results and its impact on the possible increase in the efficiency of tax administration of property taxes was carried out. Results. The conducted analysis of the National Spatial Data System (NSDS) integration allows us to conclude that this system is positioned as a fundamental infrastructure component consolidating heterogeneous spatial data and ensuring the formation of a unified information field. The purpose of this is to significantly optimize the quality and increase the efficiency of public administration in the field of land relations and management of real estate. The empirical experience of the Republic of Tatarstan, demonstrating a positive correlation between the implementation of the NSPD and the dynamics of fiscal revenues (in particular, tax revenues), serves as a convincing illustration of the implicit potential of modern geoinformation technologies, which act as a powerful catalyst for the socio-economic development of both individual regions and the state as a whole.

Introduction. The article identifies the main problems of legal support for the introduction of digital technologies into educational activities. The degree of influence of digital technologies on transformations in the education system has been determined. The authors consider the content of digital transformation which affects not only the system of educational organizations and the content of the educational process, but also the system of governing bodies in the field of education. Empirical analysis. The legal analysis of the Strategy for Digital Transformation of Science and Higher Education, developed by the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia in 2021, was conducted. The interpretation of digitalization of education only through the expansion of online learning opportunities is becoming outdated (although this element retains its significant importance). The purpose of a higher education institution is changing, as digital technologies are transforming key communication links. The impact of new technologies on improving the efficiency of the education system and promoting personalization of knowledge acquisition was highlighted. The authors demonstrate that accelerated digitalization contributes to the construction of a seamless educational process, optimization of management in educational organizations, as well as their integration with high-tech companies. Theoretical analysis. The article substantiates a strict administrative approach to the introduction of digital technologies into educational activities based on monitoring the entire system and identifying the compliance of individual elements with digital maturity indicators. Digitalization causes structural changes in the organization of educational activities in higher education. In many ways, it carries a useful universalism that will reduce the administrative burden on the teacher, switching his / her eff orts to human interaction with students. Transformational processes should be based on platform solutions that have proven their effectiveness in the modern economy. A new challenge has been identified – the restructuring of the labor market, which will also affect the educational system of Russia. Results. In the context of strict approaches to saving public resources, the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia will have to be guided by administrative methods when building indicators for transforming a university into a "digital university" and assessing compliance with them when analyzing the current state of an educational organization.

Introduction. The life of any person begins at the moment of birth and is largely shaped during their childhood. After this stage of life, the younger generations fully integrate into society. Once they become part of the whole, they determine the vitality of the entire society and set the direction of its development for decades to come. The circumstances that a person encounters during their childhood, as well as the experiences and lessons they learn, shape their personality, determine their views on the world, and instill in them a desire to create or distance themselves from society. Thus, the state of childhood affects not only the future of the individual, but also the future of nations and humanity as a whole. One of the dangers is emergencies. Whether they are man-made or natural, they pose a threat to children’s lives and health. New circumstances have emerged due to armed conflicts, Russia’s special military operation in Ukraine and the attempts of unfriendly forces to encroach on Russia’s national security, including through the use of unmanned aerial vehicles and the threat of using other types of weapons. As a result, situations arise that require prompt decisions to ensure the full range of personal, social, and economic rights and freedoms for minors (children), especially those who have been left without parental care. The current Federal Law “On Protection of the Population and Territories from Natural and Man-Made Emergencies”, hereinafter referred to as the Law, does not provide for children as a special subject of protection in emergency situations and their consequences, which creates legal barriers in the activities of state authorities and hinders the full implementation of children’s rights. The purpose of this study is to develop universal legal regulations for protecting children’s rights, regardless of the reasons for the introduction of emergencies, territorial boarders, and possible consequences. Theoretical analysis. Scientific research in the field of social relations under consideration concludes that it is necessary to specify the definition of the concept of “emergency situation,” as well as to conduct additional research on issues related to the legal regulation of the protection of children’s rights in emergency situations. The main focus of scientific research is on general issues related to the protection of children’s rights in emergency situations, but it does not fully explore the mechanism of protection. The main body of scientific research reveals the elements of the mechanism for protecting children from the perspective of medical law, social protection of the population in emergency situations, provision of psychological assistance, the activities of law enforcement agencies in these situations, as well as the role of international organizations, whose activities cannot currently be considered effective. From the perspective of the constitutional law of the Russian Federation, these social relations have not been sufficiently examined. Empirical analysis. Recently, the issue of child protection has been the subject of speeches by the President of the Russian Federation and strategic documents on Russia’s development. The Commissioner for Children’s Rights under the President of the Russian Federation has received appeals regarding the protection of minors’ rights, including those related to the consequences of man-made accidents, natural disasters, and attacks on Russia’s national security, sovereignty, and territorial integrity. Results. The conducted theoretical research and the results of law enforcement practice demonstrate that there is a need for a comprehensive approach to the relations under consideration. It is necessary to amend the Federal Law “On Protecting the Population and Territories from Natural and Man-Made Emergencies” and include children as a separate subject of legal protection in emergency situations, as well as to specify the concept of “emergency situation” itself.

Introduction. S. V. Yushkov laid the foundations of Soviet historical and legal science. Russian law history, however, initially had a number of features that have become an integral part of the Russian academic tradition: firstly, archaeological investigation and research; secondly, a thorough historical and philological analysis of monuments. Theoretical analysis. These features were established by G. F. Miller and V. N. Tatishchev's activities and confirmed by the research of the members of N. P. Rumyantsev's circle. By the middle of the 19th century, the principle of studying monuments had been developed and embodied all available lists, which was demonstrated  by N. V. Kalachev. The anthology by M. F. Vladimirsky-Budanov defines the list of historical and legal texts required for study at law faculties, and his textbook testifies to the maturity of Russian science. S. V. Yushkov’s teacher, V. N. Beneshevich, while researching the monuments of Byzantine and Slavic law, provided an example of research work in the field of codicology, paleography, philology and comparative jurisprudence. Empirical analysis. As a researcher, S. V. Yushkov was formed in a pre-revolutionary scientific environment. After the October Revolution, he focused on studying the legal monuments of Kievan Rus and the medieval Muscovite state. S. V. Yushkov’s scientific style is a combination of academic scientific traditions and a formative approach. He created the first Soviet textbook on the history of state and law, was the first in the USSR to publish Rus' Truth according to all available lists, and introduced the legal collection “Justice Metropolitan” into scientific circulation. Results. S. V. Yushkov managed to find a reasonable balance between the academic traditions of pre-revolutionary science and the formational understanding of history, the balance in which archaeological investigations and research were not opposed, but were combined and organically fi t into the framework of the Marxist method. He constructed a single intellectual space for the entire Russian historical and legal science. S. V. Yushkov significantly enriched Russian science both in terms of content and theory, created his own school, having trained many prominent researchers.

Introduction. Over the relatively short period of the Organization of Turkic States existence, a wide legal framework has been accumulated between the participating countries for the transition to a higher quality level of legal integration in the future. The purpose of the study focuses on the potential of the Organization and its increased importance in the interstate relations of the post-Soviet countries. The research methodology relies on the comparative legal and interdisciplinary methods, which enhance a more comprehensive study of the key issues of legal integration of the participating countries, as well as identification of the features of the construction and functioning of the institutional and constitutional legal foundations of the international organization. Theoretical analysis. By comparing the experience of the formation and development of modern integration associations, analyzing theoretical approaches and legal doctrines in the field of international and constitutional law, and studying the positions of scholars who examine the constitutional and legal aspects of interstate cooperation, including those in the post-Soviet space, the paper examines the constitutional and legal nature of the Organization, the elements of supranationality in management institutions, and the specifics of the organization’s institutional development. Empirical analysis. The identification of key issues related to legal integration within the framework of the Organization is based on the analysis of the Constitutions of the participating states, national legislation, decisions of interstate and national courts and constitutional control bodies, as well as international agreements and other legal documents that provide information on legal practice. Based on the analysis of legal documents and statistical data, the study identifies the essential features and characteristics of the institutional aspects of the Organization functioning, including assessment of the practical implementation of measures at the interstate level within the organization. Results. As a result of the study, based on the analysis of the features of the construction of supranational legal orders, which are a characteristic attribute of international organizations of the integration type, the current state of the institutional and legal development of the Organization has been assessed, and conclusions about the existing problems of legal integration among the participating countries, including the prospects for the formation of a common legal space within the current format, have been drawn.