Anterior diffuse scleritis, map-like corneal ulcer, and hypopyon anterior uveitis associated with herpes zoster
- Authors: Kovaleva L.A.1,2, Balatskaya N.V.1, Krichevskaya G.I.1, Baisangurova A.A.1
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Affiliations:
- Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases
- Russian University of Medicine
- Issue: Vol 19, No 4 (2024)
- Pages: 239-247
- Section: Case reports
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/1993-1859/article/view/281631
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/rpoj641571
- ID: 281631
Cite item
Abstract
AIM: To analyze etiopathogenesis, clinical features, and a treatment algorithm for acute anterior diffuse scleritis, map-like corneal ulcer, and hypopyon anterior uveitis in order to increase medical awareness of herpes zoster in children.
RESULTS: Long-term exposure to rapid temperature changes contributed to varicella-zoster virus (VZV) reactivation in a child leading to herpes zoster rarely occurring in children, onset of anterior diffuse scleritis and hypopyon anterior uveitis. Corticosteroid therapy without causal treatment led to herpes virus reactivation in the patient’s cornea which contributed to herpes corneal ulcer.
CONCLUSION: Etiopathogenesis features were analyzed, characteristic clinical symptoms of anterior diffuse scleritis, herpes corneal ulcer, and hypopyon anterior uveitis caused by varicella-zoster virus (VZV) reactivation were described. Reactivation led to herpes zoster with skin eruption and herpes zoster ophthalmicus, such as injury of the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve without extraocular (skin) symptoms of herpes infection. The VZV etiological role was established based on high titers of anti-VZV IgG antibodies, the presence of anti-VZV-gE IgG antibodies (markers of active viral replication), and the efficacy of anti-herpes therapy. The described clinical symptoms of combined ophthalmic pathology contribute to the early diagnosis of ocular herpes for timely antiviral herpes therapy to prevent chronic disease and complications and to preserve and/or recover visual acuity.
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##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
Lyudmila A. Kovaleva
Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases; Russian University of Medicine
Author for correspondence.
Email: ulcer.64@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6239-9553
SPIN-code: 1406-5609
MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)
Russian Federation, Moscow; MoscowNatalya V. Balatskaya
Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases
Email: balnat07@rambler.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8007-6643
SPIN-code: 4912-5709
Cand. Sci. (Biology)
Russian Federation, MoscowGalina I. Krichevskaya
Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases
Email: gkri@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7052-3294
SPIN-code: 6808-0922
MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)
Russian Federation, MoscowAlbina A. Baisangurova
Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases
Email: alia-bai-5@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8014-667X
SPIN-code: 2308-0920
MD, Ophthalmologist
Russian Federation, MoscowReferences
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