Congenital cataract associated with COVID-19 infection

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Abstract

AIM: To describe cases of COVID-19-induced congenital pathology of the lens and eye in children.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine children (9 eyes) aged 3–6 months with congenital cataract (СC), whose mothers had COVID-19 during pregnancy, were examined.

RESULTS: All children had unilateral CC, with heterogeneous turbidity. Changes in the shape, volume, and structure of the capsule sac were often combined with microphthalmia (66.7%) and primary persistent vitreous body syndrome (PPGST) (88.9%).

CONCLUSION: The results revealed the possibility of the unilateral development congenital pathology of the lens with the presence of concomitant pathology: microphthalmos, PPGST syndrome in children born to mothers who had SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy. Given the risk of transplacental transmission of the coronavirus from a pregnant woman to a fetus with СC development, these children need a more detailed examination in the first month of life for timely detection of pathology and provision of treatment. Surgical treatment of this pathology often requires a nonstandard individual approach to each stage of the operation and management of the postoperative period.

About the authors

Tatyana B. Kruglova

Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases

Email: krugtb@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8801-8368

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.)

Russian Federation, Moscow

Naira S. Egyan

Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases

Email: nairadom@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9906-4706

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)

Russian Federation, Moscow

Elena N. Demchenko

Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases

Author for correspondence.
Email: dem-andrej@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6523-5191

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)

Russian Federation, Moscow

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Child K., 4 months. Congenital atypical cataract, posterior synechiae, and persistent vascular bag of the lens.

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3. Fig. 2. Child S., 3 months. Congenital atypical cataract with calcifications and microcornea. The ultrasound examination proceeded in the vitreous body going from the optic nerve disc to the posterior capsule of the lens.

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4. Fig. 3. Child L., 6 months. Complete congenital cataract and a persistent vascular bag of the lens. Echography revealed the desolate a. hyaloidea.

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5. Fig. 4. Child K., 4 months. Congenital atypical cataract, iridocapsular synechiae, and uneven anterior chamber. Ultrasonography revealed a. hyaloidea with active blood flow.

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