Public сulture as a process

This article delves into the study of the transformation of public culture within the context of the interplay between culture and civilization, which is highly relevant to contemporary sociology of culture. It analyzes the features of both concepts, their origins, and their application in this article. The transformation of culture is explored through a comparative analysis of classical works that investigate these phenomena within the context of social dynamics. The article refers mainly to the works of N. Ya. Danilevsky, O. Spengler, T. Lessing, A. Toynbee, P. Sorokin, all of whom have significantly contributed to the methodology of the civilizational approach in modern sociology of culture, and A. Dugin, who substantiated the concept of “state-civilization” in relation to Russia. The concept of "public culture" is considered a fundamental integral concept reflecting the general and particular characteristics inherent in social interactions. Among various definitions of culture, the authors rely on A. Mol's definition as being most aligned with the goals of this study. The article notes the evolution of culture into civilization within the historical process and highlights the characteristic features of both phenomena. The crisis phenomena of modern civilization, labeled "alienation" in sociological literature, are considered inherent in the social processes of the transitional period. The theoretical content of the concept is identified by the authors within the methodology presented in the classical works of K. Marx, F. Nietzsche, H. Marcuse, A. Giddens, and J. Baudrillard, among others. The authors focus on defining the basic elements of the concepts of "culture" and "civilization," understanding their historical and modern correlation, identifying characteristic moments in the sociodynamics of these social phenomena, and comparing traditional and modern under- standings of the problem of alienation as applied to contemporary sociology of culture.