Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Sociology. Economics. Politics

This paper examines the phenomenon of artificial intelligence subjectivity along with its cybernetic aspects. It explores various approaches to understanding and defining AI, starting with analyses of how the behavior of intelligent systems corresponds to human behavior patterns and extending to questions regarding the rationality of these systems’ actions. The works of N. Wiener, the founder of cybernetics, play a crucial role, as he established fundamental analogies between the functioning of living organisms and computational machines. These analogies are essential for understanding the nature of AI and its potential capabilities. The authors of this paper give particular attention to the functioning of AI and to discussions of its ability for self-learning and selfreproduction. The paper highlights AI's potential for self-development and adaptation to diverse conditions — these two features make it a key tool in modern technological innovation. It also analyzes the philosophical and sociological concept of AI subjectivity, suggesting that such systems may possess intelligence that significantly surpasses human cognitive abilities, along with the capacity for autonomous learning and expansion. Building on Wiener’s ideas, humanity must determine the nature of interaction between humans and machines (including AI) and organize the distribution of functions between them optimally. The authors conclude that the effectiveness of public administration can be enhanced through a comprehensive approach to implementing new information and technological solutions. It is about using neural networks and AI systems, providing qualified specialists and legal regulatory mechanisms for public authorities, and considering sociocultural and psycho-emotional factors, along with technical equipment and methods of logical-semantic interpretation.

This paper focuses on diagnosing the degree of interiorization of traditional spiritual and moral values among middle and high school students. A theoretical basis for studies was the works of Russian sociologists and educators who explore the transformation of the value-normative system in contemporary Russian society. The aim of this paper is to present the results of a two-stage questionnaire survey conducted with an adapted version of the "Diagnostics of Students’ Value Orientations" methodology, which seeks to identify the alignment between students’ stated attitudes and their actual behaviors. The results of the study revealed a critically low level of internalization of traditional spiritual and moral values, as well as an ongoing axiological conflict in the minds of schoolchildren. This study underscores the necessity of transitioning from recognizing the value crisis to developing models aimed at the intentional social construction of traditional values within the educational context of Russian civil society. Future research will focus on creating and testing biframed educational environments, such as transformational games, as tools to facilitate the interiorization of these values. 

Many countries' state family policies struggle with limited effectiveness despite substantial budget allocations. The challenges in implementing these policies are not only related to the design of the measures but also to how they are perceived and accepted by the public. It means they relate to value orientations, norms, and expectations into which state instruments are "embedded." The aim of this article is to analyze the family values that determine the effectiveness and evolutionary potential of state family policy. The ambiguity in approaches to interpreting, evaluating, and forming family values undermines both the effectiveness of scientific research and the functionality of the family as a social institution. By examining the views of researchers, the positions of experts, and the opinions of regional families, the authors of this article first illustrate the diversity of value orientations among contemporary regional families. Second, they clarify the role of values as a mediator between family policy instruments — such as financial support and social services — and family behavior. Finally, they can purposeful work on preserving and forming values through the institutions of family, state, education, culture, and mass communication. The article concludes with recommendations aimed at enhancing state family policy.

Several factors contributed to the importance of the study of social environment. These factors include enhancing employee motivation, reducing turnover, and retaining valuable staff; increasing customer and companies-partners loyalty; practical effects for management system such as the prevention of conflicts, closure of informational voids, and the facilitation of organizational change. This is particularly important for companies, which have branch networks and employees who working in hard-to-reach and remote locations and in shifts.The aim of this work is to identify specific social environment factors that have proven critical in analyzing staff turnover, misconduct by employees, and ultimately subsequent defaults on company commitments. The authors of this paper used an anonymous electronic survey among dispatchers, drivers, and maintenance staff as instrument for their study. In addition, they assessed the eNSP loyalty metric of the respondent groups.The results highlighted communication challenges within the "dispatcher-driver-transport maintenance" team, ranging from the efficacy of communication and ending with a lack of professional knowledge in transport and logistics. This raises the question of forming a social audit system as a form of regular feedback. The practical value of this diagnostic study is its provision of objective data to organizational and branch management, thereby informing decision-making processes. This approach moves beyond guesswork, equipping the management system with precise benchmarks to address and alleviate internal and inter-branch sources of strain. 

This article explores the challenges of determining the effectiveness of various youth policy implementation modalities. It relies on empirical results obtained by the authors from the project "Youth in Interethnic Communications: Intolerance, Tolerance, Dialogue," which was conducted under the Fundamental and Applied Research Program "Ethnocultural Diversity of Russian Society and Strengthening All-Russian Identity". The article focuses on how reliable and comprehensive evaluations are by various youth policy actors and to the identified challenges in assessing the effectiveness of youth policy. The authors give an assessment the main reasons for the decline in the effectiveness of youth policy plans, programs, and projects at four stages using the RACE formula. The article grounds the necessity of a continuous system for assessing the effectiveness of plans, programs, projects, competitions, and other documents aimed at working with youth, based on recognized criteria and methods. The authors propose establishing a national network of youth policy research centers affiliated with leading universities. These centers would provide essential data and analysis for youth policy at all levels, addressing youth expectations and concerns across social, political, cultural, and economic spheres.