Vol 16, No 2 (2023)
Articles
Sociocultural processes in Roma communities in Tyumen (results of a sociological research)
Abstract
The article is based on data from focus groups, which were conducted in 2023 among representatives of two Roma communities living in Tyumen: Moldovan Roma and Russka Roma (Russian Roma). The choice of this method of gathering information is due to the closeness of Romani people, who practically don't cooperate with scientists, which makes it difficult to obtain and interpret data. During the focus groups, we have used an auxiliary method such as an interview to obtain additional information. This allowed us to reveal intracommunal ideas and norms for the functioning of local communities. Both methods turned out to be difficult from the point of view of organization, since they required not so much careful preparation as the search for channels to reach the Gypsy barons, which made it possible to meet with the most respected representatives of the Gypsy camps and to determine the time and place for the focus groups. The article presents data that made it possible to carry out a qualitative analysis of some elements of the traditional culture of Romani people, who have managed to preserve their identity in the conditions of modern society.
Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Sociology. Economics. Politics. 2023;16(2):9-20
9-20
Creation of temporary research teams to improve the quality of specialist training
Abstract
Improving the quality of specialist training is one of the priorities of any higher education institution. According to the authors of the article, this problem can be solved by the cooperation of all parties involved in the educational process, both within the university and in cooperation with companies, which are the future employers of university graduates. The article is devoted to the study of project initiatives using the mechanism of organizing temporary research teams for the implementation of commercial contracts, with the involvement of trainees for their implementation. On the one hand, this study allowed the authors to identify the basic mechanisms of motivation of all the participants in the areas studied. On the other hand, this study allowed them to develop models for the involvement of industrial partners, their specialists, educational units, teachers and students in the implementation of commercial projects and works that improve the level of training of bachelors, masters, specialists and postgraduates.
Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Sociology. Economics. Politics. 2023;16(2):21-37
21-37
Integrated development of territories: current state and problems of implementation
Abstract
Resources for territorial development of Russian cities are exhausted in modern conditions of urbanization. The issue of complex development of territories by solving the problems of resettlement of residents from dilapidated and unfit housing, creation of urban space that meets the modern needs of citizens is acute for local governments. One of the modern mechanisms for managing these processes are integrated territorial development projects. This mechanism has become the flagship of changes in the urban space of large Russian cities in almost half of the subjects of the Russian Federation. The aim of the study is to systematize the main features of the current state and problems of application of integrated territorial development in Russian cities. The analysis in the article reflects the desire of the city authorities to get rid of the old "problematic" development in favor of modern infrastructure blocks, within the boundaries of which all conditions for the comfortable life of citizens will be created. The article is based on the results of the methodological and statistical analysis of the main trends in the complex development of territories. The weak involvement of residents in the decision-making process of complex development of territories leads to social tensions, formation of social and economic risks in the process of transformation of the urban environment.
Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Sociology. Economics. Politics. 2023;16(2):38-53
38-53
Tactics of economic behavior of "second-tier" entrepreneurship during the sanctions period
Abstract
The countries of the world that have accumulated experience of living under the conditions of economic sanctions of the West are marked. The main socio-economic consequences of anti-Russian Western sanctions for the "second-tier" entrepreneurship are identified. The results of surveys conducted by the Public Opinion Foundation among Russian entrepreneurs on the negative impact of Western economic sanctions on business are presented. The article examines the measures taken by small and medium-sized domestic economic entities to overcome the socio-economic consequences of sanctions pressure. The specific weights of the "second echelon" business structures that adhere to the development strategy, the survival strategy and also those who closed their business during the sanctions period are determined. The forms of organizational and legal support provided by the state to domestic economic entities of small and medium-sized businesses are indicated. The role and place of tactical tools in the implementation of a self-oriented entrepreneurial strategy are substantiated. The peculiarities of the application of tactical approaches, methods and tools correcting the behavior of "second-tier" entrepreneurship during the sanctions period are revealed.
Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Sociology. Economics. Politics. 2023;16(2):54-65
54-65
Sociological monitoring of the socio-political situation in the south of Tyumen region
Abstract
The article is based on data from monitoring studies carried out in Tyumen region in 2003-2008 as part of the project "How are you, Russia?". Around 3,000 people were interviewed during this period. In addition, we have analysed the data obtained in the course of monitoring studies carried out by scientists of the Industrial University of Tyumen on behalf of the Committee for Nationalities Affairs of the Administration of Tyumen Region from 2012 to the present. The aim of the study is to examine the situation in the sphere of socio-political, interethnic and interreligious relations in Tyumen region. This toolkit will allow you to study the specifics of civil society in Tyumen region, make correct and timely management decisions, offer options for solving problems that arise in this area, improve the legislative framework, and promptly correct adopted management decisions.Estimates of the key indicator "Assessment of the level of socio-political stability" show a positive trend. Three-quarters of people in the south of the region consider that the situation is quite stable or mostly stable. The likelihood of mass protests remains low: nine out of ten respondents wouldn't take part in mass protests if they took place.
Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Sociology. Economics. Politics. 2023;16(2):66-80
66-80
The transformation of online teaching in higher education institutions in the post-pandemic period
Abstract
The relevance of this study is due to several factors. On the one hand, there is an active technical development of modern online education; on the other hand, there is a need that has developed due to the pandemic, which has forced many educational processes to go online. The year 2020 has seen a dramatic change in the work of university teachers, who have had to urgently integrate themselves into an online environment that is unfamiliar to many of them. Two years have passed, but online education is still relevant and in demand. What are the positive and negative aspects of teaching in an online environment? And how has the attitude towards online education changed over the past two years? We have tried to look at these issues from the perspective of teachers of higher educational institutions. The aim of our research is to analyze the current perception of online teaching in higher education. As a result of the sociological research conducted in 2020 and 2022 (using the online survey method), the peculiarities of the transformation of online teaching in the activities of higher education teachers were revealed. It was concluded that the attitude of teachers towards online teaching has improved. However, according to teachers, the quality of online education is still inferior to offline education and there are many problems and shortcomings. In many ways, the success of online education is due to the ability of both teachers and students to master new technical tools and to adapt to new conditions.The conclusions highlight the problems of online education and the prospects for its development. The characteristics of modern technologies are analyzed, their impact on improving the effectiveness of online education and possible options for further use are predicted.
Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Sociology. Economics. Politics. 2023;16(2):81-98
81-98
A comparative analysis of the sociocultural origins of rock music in the USSR and the USA
Abstract
The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of the sociocultural foundations of the emergence of rock music in the USA and the USSR. The aim of the study is to identify the genesis of rock music and to analyze its characteristics in the United States and the Soviet Union. The authors have shown that a significant factor influencing the birth of rock music in the United States was the post-war socio-economic conditions: the absence of destruction in the country's infrastructure, the concentration in the United States of scientists who had fled fascism in Europe, the orientation of the country's budget towards the socio-economic sector, the demographic explosion, the emergence of leisure time. The Soviet Union, which had suffered catastrophic human losses and destruction of industry because of the war, focused the budget on raising the national economy and strengthening the military-industrial complex, so the appearance of rock music in the USSR became possible only after a full economic recovery. Despite the initial copying and imitation of American rock music by Soviet performers, the authors of the article found differences both in the musical material (form - content) and in the ideological (consumerism - sacrifice) and teleological (commodity - mission) aspects of rock music. The results of the study may be useful for philosophers, cultural scientists, as well as teachers of secondary and higher educational institutions to demonstrate the identity of the Russian cultural path using the example of rock music.
Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Sociology. Economics. Politics. 2023;16(2):99-111
99-111