Migration processes in the North Caucasus and their possible consequences (on the example of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic)

The relevance of this article is due to the identification in recent years of trends in changes in migration processes in the North Caucasus. According to the results of a scientific study of external migration processes, a noticeable depletion of the quantity of Russian population in the republic was revealed. In almost all subjects of the North Caucasus, the outflow of young people of the young age groups of the able-bodied population of 30-39 years was noted. The most significant changes in migration processes are developing in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. Based on official statistics for 2010-2021 on monitoring the situation in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic on issues related to the migration control department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs for the KBR, changes in trends in this process are examined. The outflow of young people aged 18-29 and the most active part of the working-age population in the republic, on the one hand, and the influx of older groups, that is, the pre-retirement and retirement age groups and unskilled labor, on the other, led to a high transformation in the trends of the dynamics of migration processes. Changes were reflected not only in quantity of departing and arriving, but also in the age-sex structure of the population, its nationality and in the intellectual rating sphere. If this migration trends will continue, there is a danger of the accumulation of a poorly educated part of the youth and an unclaimed labor force as a result of the depletion of the intelligentsia layer in society. In the future, all this will lead to impoverishment of the nation's gene pool. The reduction in the number of the Russian population, with its cementing factor in interethnic relations, in subsequent years may result in the aggravation of national relations. This study is important for the assessment of migration processes and demographic security in Russia and its regions and for the development of differentiated migration policy.