Vol 22, No 6 (2017)
- Year: 2017
- Published: 15.12.2017
- Articles: 27
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/1810-0201/issue/view/19862
Full Issue
ВОПРОСЫ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ НАУЧНО-ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ СТУДЕНТОВ В ВУЗЕ
MODERN TRENDS IN THE ACTIVITIES OF THE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY: THE EXPERIENCE OF TAMBOV STATE UNIVERSITY NAMED AFTER G.R. DERZHAVIN
Abstract
The goals and objectives of the activities of the University-wide student scientific society (SSS), as well as the description of the experience of Tambov State University named after G.R. Derzhavin in the development of student government in the scientific and research field are defined. Under the student scientific society we understand the voluntary and open association of students engaged in research and innovation activities. The union of students in the SSS can take place according to a number of factors: from the thematic focus of research to the belonging of students to a specific structural subdivision of the university. The organization of the SSS is carried out independently by members of the students’ scientific asset. The activities of SSS are aimed at enhancing the opportunities for students to participate in research and innovation activities, popularizing science and its role in the student environment, establishing and supporting links with the SSS of other schools, but not replacing traditional research and research work in the curriculum. The authors sing out the following goals as the goals of the activity of the University of the SSS are sgned out: 1) increasing and maintaining the motivation of students to engage in research and innovation activities; 2) creation of additional opportunities for the scientific formation of students; 3) the creation in the university of a single university-wide scientific space; 4) development of student scientific societies in structural divisions or thematic SSS; 5) establishment and expansion of ties with student scientific societies of other universities. The achievement of each of the designated goals of the activities of the university-wide SSS with concrete examples of activities illustrated.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2017;22(6):7-16
7-16
PEDAGOGY OF HIGHER EDUCATION
STUDENTS’ SELF-GOVERNMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION OF STUDENTS: FORMS OF ORGANIZATION AND ESTIMATION CRITERIA
Abstract
The forms and methods of students’ self-government organization contributing in professional education of students are analyzed in detail. The representation of students’ self-government as of social institute, having significant educational potential, realizing the special form of government which supposes the active participation of students in preparation and realization of management decisions: acquirement and development of professional-personal qualities: active inclusion in professional community and contribution to the construction of professional biography are presented. The specific possibilities of the following forms and methods are revealed: observing excursions, trainings, discursive conversations, analysis of concrete situations (the decision of professional tasks), the use of the example (public officers), independent tasks execution. The criteria basis is founded, which is necessary for estimation of the levels of professional politeness of students. Organizational-pragmatist criterion is revealed through quality indices: the ability to works with documents, planning and organization of work, control and self-control, strategy thinking. Social-communicative criterion contains the following qualities and indices: sociability, communicative control, business communication, situation modeling of communication. Qualities-indices of value criterion are: patriotic values, ethic rules, traditions of the collective, corporate culture and state service organs.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2017;22(6):17-26
17-26
METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE ORGANIZATION OF THE SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH SEMINAR AS ONE OF THEIR KEY FORMS OF THE SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH WORK OF THE MASTERS
Abstract
The methodological foundations of the organization of the research seminar as one of the key forms of the research work of undergraduates are disclosed; the main tasks of research work and research seminar are listed. Participation in the work of the research seminar will allow the students of the magistracy to form professional competencies, as well as the ability to analyze the results of scientific research, apply them in solving specific research tasks in the field of science and education, and independently carry out scientific research; use individual creative abilities to solve research tasks independently; Readiness to study the state and potential of the managed system and its macro and microenvironment by using a set of methods of strategic and operational analysis; As well as the willingness to use individual and group decision-making technologies in the management of an organization that carries out educational activities. Various educational technologies that can be used in the conduct of a research seminar are considered: active and interactive methods, dialog technologies, technology of educational research, technology of contextual type, technology of professional socialization. It is argued that as a result of the research seminar, graduate students should master scientific and research technologies, such as: searching, collecting and theoretical analysis of methodological, pedagogical and scientific and technical information; Planning and conducting a pedagogical experiment; Processing of experimental results; Generalization and presentation of the results of scientific activity in the form of reports, theses, articles; Preparation of computer presentations of the results of scientific activity; Preparation of speeches and reports at scientific events; Self-assessment and reflection of their research activities.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2017;22(6):27-31
27-31
NEW FORMS OF STUDENT YOUTH SOCIALIZATION IN THE INTERNET SPACE
Abstract
Socialization of personality has always been closely associated with family and education system, but in the information society, it undergoes a transformation and the most important factors of socialization are network of communications. The lifestyle is changing under the influence of the Internet - changing structure of leisure time, the usual channels of information, the nature of interpersonal interactions. Young people are increasingly seeking to communicate, to play, to learn in the Internet space. At the result, there are new forms of socialization, formation of the person of a new type. A new classification of forms of Internet socialization of young people is proposed. The results of a survey to identify the purpose of use of the Internet are presented. The results showed that the young generation actively uses the Internet mostly for social networking, for the sake of hobbies and music. The classification of traditional forms of socialization is studied and a new principle of classification from the point of view of membership type of young people in the Internet space to a particular community, group, corporation, educational institution, etc., namely: formal, non-formal and informal online group or community, each of which corresponds to a set of Internet technologies or Internet systems are presented.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2017;22(6):32-40
32-40
QUESTIONS OF SOCIAL PEDAGOGY AND SOCIAL WORK
PRIVATE AND PUBLIC SOCIAL WORK IN THE 20s OF 20th CENTURY IN THE USA: STRUGGLE OF IDEOLOGIES
Abstract
The development of the profession of social work in the United States in the 1920s through the prism of the struggle of various ideological approaches that determined the essence and purpose of the profession is examined. The relevance is that the study of foreign, in particular, American experience in the field of social work helps us better understand the patterns, anticipate and identify difficulties in the development of domestic institutions of the public and private sectors of social protection. Also, a large number of previously unused sources of the National Conference on Charities and Corrections are introduced into the scientific circulation. The ideological positions of the two opposing camps of early social work are analyzed in detail. The main arguments in favor of private social work and public programs of social protection, put forward by early social workers are identified and analyzed. Using the example of the Children’s Bureau, it is shown that combining casework and social reformism could be successful, yielding positive practical results for both the profession and society as a whole. A reasonable conclusion is drawn that the reformist wing of social workers, although having lost the influence that it had in the “progressive era”, continued to advocate maintaining the profession’s commitment to social activism, which helped formulate the social agenda of the New Deal of the next decade.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2017;22(6):41-53
41-53
THE FORMATION OF INNOVATION COMPETENCE OF FUTURE SOCIAL SPHERE SPECIALIST
Abstract
The transformations, occurring in the social sphere of Russia are analyzed. At the modern stage the transition from stagnancy in the social sphere to the development, this period is characterized by the implementation of innovative technologies of social work, development of new legal and regulatory documents in the social sphere, formation of the market of social services, the increasing role of social services recipient in the transformations of social policy, modernization of the system of preparation of social workers, both as guide of changes in the social sphere, the necessity to form innovative competence of the future specialist in the social sphere. The experience of realization of module “Social Innovation Theory” is presented. The aim of this module is the formation of general and cultural, general and professional and professional competences in the sphere of theory and practice of social innovation theory. The active and interactive form of carrying out the lessons such as problem tasks’ decision, the study of social innovations realization in different regions of the Russian Federation, case-situations, business and role games. And also during practical lessons students will have to protect their own, practically realized innovative social projects. One of prospective directions of development of higher educational institution preparation is the formation of innovative competence at future specialist of social sphere will provide competitiveness, will broaden the working possibilities and social mobility. One of prospective directions of system of higher educational institution development is the formation of innovative competence at future specialists of social sphere as a process, uniting the common efforts of lecturers, students, practical men of services and organizations.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2017;22(6):54-60
54-60
THEORY AND METHODS OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ACTIVITY ORGANIZATION
LEISURE TRADITIONS OF TAMBOV CLUBS OF 19th - THE BEGINNING OF 20th CENTURY
Abstract
The peculiarities of appearance and development of clubs in Tambov region in the period 19th - the beginning of 20th century are revealed. The materials of research are based on the analysis of archive sources and materials of periodicals. The characteristic of becoming of culture of club in Tambov province is given. Basing on the analysis of statutes and accounts of club community the basic aims and tasks, content directions of clubs’ activity are revealed, the implementation of clubs in the development of social-cultural processes of union are considered. The greatest amount of clubs was men’s clubs. Women were not allowed, only for family evening parties, balls and masked balls. But by the beginning of 20th century there were almost no class-closed clubs. The activity of Assembly of the Nobility, Konnozavodskoe and Commercial assembly and also People’s Houses is presented. Club culture in Tambov region was developing rather fast. It was significant for the development of social and cultural processes of the province. The leisure evening, concert-entertaining programmes, performances of professional and amatory groups, charity events were organized in the club besides the organization of table-top games and social and political discussions. The clubs were the centers of education and culture, playing an important role in the life of regional society.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2017;22(6):61-67
61-67
FORMIROVANIE SOTsIAL'NOY AKTIVNOSTI PODROSTKOV SREDSTVAMI KLUBNOY DEYaTEL'NOSTI: MODELIROVANIE PROTsESSA
Abstract
The relevance of this topic is that the problems of social education of the growing generation are conditioned by those crisis processes and events, which take place in Russia. This is first of all difficulties with social adaptation of youth and unstable social-economic, educational, social-cultural conditions and the caused deviations in youth sphere. In these conditions the necessity to renew the social education of teenagers, the formation of their social activity. The club activity has significant potential in the activation of this process. The emphasis on the description of the process is impossible without the analysis of the structure of the changing events. That means that for the analysis of the structure of the process of social activity formation among students by means of club activity it is necessary to consider it as a system event. In the context of this, the process of social activity formation of teenagers by means of club activity is defined as systemic event requiring to be considered as first of all as integral pedagogic mechanism which is a sequence of actions, necessary for achievement of its aim, secondly as organizational-content structure, providing sequence of this process and presenting the complex of interrelated components. To complete the task the component content of the model of social activity formation of teenagers by means of club activity: subjective component (the participants of the process of formation of social activity of teenagers are marked), orientation component (the principles of organization of the process of social activity formation, conditioned by the essence of club activity and the principles, conditioned by methodological approaches to the process of social activity formation of teenagers by means of club activity), diagnostic component (procedural elements, providing the definition of the level of formation of social activity of teenagers), content-organizational component (forms; methods; practical-methodic pedagogic conditions) reflective-regulating component (control and analysis of course and intermediate results of the process, operative correction of its content and methods) and productive component (levels of formation of social activity of teenagers) is described. The attention is paid to the components of model being represented as static (system) and as dynamic characteristics of the process of formation of social activity of teenagers by means of club activity as they are a complex of interrelated components and its consistent stages: subject-orienting, diagnostic, content-organizational and productive
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2017;22(6):68-74
68-74
TECHNOLOGY OF TECHNICAL TRAINING OF THE ATHLETE-DANCER IN ENSEMBLE PERFORMANCE FORMATION
Abstract
The experimental methods of technical preparation improvement of athlete-dancer in ensemble performance formation are considered. The notion “technical preparedness” of athlete-dancer - the degree of acquirement of the system of sport ball dance movements, the degree of development of motive qualities, corresponding to performance peculiarities in formation of Latin-American and West-European Programs aimed at achievement of high sport results is analyzed. The tasks of the forming work are defined. In generalized type the stages of experience-experimental work in improvement of technical preparedness of athlete-sportsman in ensemble performance formation are analyzed: organizational-constructive, diagnostic-analytical, control-correctional. The aim of organizational-constructive stage is the organization and planning of the lessons with the aim of instrumental skills of sport-dance activity skills. The aim of control-correctional stage is the completing couples and team in formation basing on diagnostic selection, the creation of conditions for development of individual-creative activity of sportsmen-dancers , qualified projection of training process, qualified and timely introduction of correction. The facilities and principles of general physical and special physical preparation, the methods of technical program for different age categories of sportsmen-dancers with different abilities of sportsmen-dancers, pedagogic view, psychological trainings and methods.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2017;22(6):75-84
75-84
THE USE OF PRINCIPLES OF SEMIOTICS ANALYSIS TO STUDY THE PAINTINGS IN THE UNIVERSITY (BASING ON THE EXAMPLE OF E. MUNCH’S WORK)
Abstract
The main principles of semiotics analysis of paintings and the use of them in educational process in High School are considered. The purpose is to show the possibility of this method for students by E. Munch’s work. We see the artist’s work from the standpoint of his life, perception of reality, and from facts which influence on his forming artistic imagery, and which will be in his further works realized. During the consideration of this methodology the main principles of semiotics approach were identified, that allows to create your own artistic image in the process of co-creative artistic perception and besides his philosophical and moral-aesthetic views. An important element of this approach is the fact that as a result it forms the specific competencies of the learner, indicated in the state educational standard. In addition, this technique allows to access the history of the art of the image created by the author in a historical context, as well as his pre-double in a modern viewer world. In the result, it was proven that the method of semiotic analysis allows the student to use data from different sources, which are necessary for a holistic perception of the artwork.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2017;22(6):85-93
85-93
ПСИХОЛОГИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ
POSITIVE LIFE SPACE THROUGH FINDING NEW INTEGRATION BY PERSONALITY
Abstract
In a modern society a cardinal displacement of value and spiritual orientations has happened. This has lead to new significant changes of life space and devaluation of human identity. In finding new integration the human is thrown away and it makes relevant to find answers to the questions “Who am I?” and “What is my place in this world?”. Such message makes us ask questions considering the confidence of the proposed life orientations and potential possibilities of finding by a personality of new “I”. The complexity of understanding of life situation is connected with the fact that the focus of inner search often migrates from one space to another. That is why the question of earthshaker understanding, where the humanity is more relevant than before at the moment. The critical state of the society is connected with the growing risks, which accompany social changes, influencing the embeddedness of a human in the surrounding reality. Devaluation of self-consciousness leads to mass adaptation break, destruction of higher personal manifestations and in general life space. The problems in traditional life orientations activates the aspiration of a human to self-preservation and applies to inner resources, coming from the understanding that the understanding of personal identity is the basic value of human existence. Self-identity forms in an inner world of the individual the power centre and is the attractor of construction of positive life space. As a proof of identity influence on the formation of positive space, the study among pupils of high grades as of one of the most vulnerable social groups is carried out.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2017;22(6):94-106
94-106
SYSTEM DIFFERENTIATION AS A PATTERN AND PRINCIPLE OF EDUCATION
Abstract
The concept of “system differentiation” is revealed, the evolution of the ideas of system differentiation found in the scientific literature is traced, the main requirements to the educational process in higher and secondary education are pointed out. It is shown that the process of teaching in secondary and higher schools based on the principle of systemic differentiation has a personality-oriented nature and involves schoolchildren and students in a step-by-step system of tasks, types and forms of activity and communication. The development of cognitive structures in ontogenesis goes through their progressive complication in accordance with the principle of systems differentiation. This principle reads that more advanced and highly ordered cognitive structures are developing only from more simple and diffusional structures through their gradual differentiation. The education based on the principle of systems differentiation is always a process of solving more and more complicated educational tasks. This process includes three main stages (structural components): 1) introduction-motivation stage; 2) working stage; 3) evaluation stage. These structural components (stages) both exist in the process of teaching special subject and in studying some themes or giving private lessons and other forms of educational lesion in this subject.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2017;22(6):107-116
107-116
THEORY AND METHODS OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING
IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS IN PORTUGUESE: FEATURES OF TRANSLATION AND USE
Abstract
The popularity of the Portuguese language in Russia is growing as a consequence not only of an actively globalizing world and the appearance of a new type of person, a “multilinguist”, but also the establishment of international relations between Russia and some of Portuguese-speaking countries, that makes the Portuguese language on the territory of our country more relevant; this determines the article’s topicality. Such linguistic aspects as idiomatic expressions (idioms) in the Portuguese language, which in itself are extremely rich historically and culturally are studied. The role they play in the study of the Portuguese language is described, it has been explained why idiomatic expressions provide a student with a deeper understanding of the language, and why any qualified interpreter should know and use such speech patterns. The importance of their use in intercultural communication is explained. An analysis of given idioms is carried out, with the subsequent translation of them into Russian with different variants of translation; where it is possible, the equivalents in Russian are matched. The idioms are given in the form of dialogues, since this is basically a phenomenon of a spoken language; moreover, dialogues are means for better understanding the meaning and context of the use of idiomatic expressions. Some intercultural stereotypes of lusophones are demonstrated through the example of the respective idioms, a historical analysis of several idioms is carried out. A description of the existing local division among luzophone countries in terms of idioms is given, accompanied by a few examples from each group.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2017;22(6):117-122
117-122
PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS FOR TEACHING POST-GRADUATE STUDENTS A WRITTEN SCIENTIFIC DISCOURSE USING A TANDEM-METHOD
Abstract
One of the goals of teaching a foreign language in postgraduate studies is the mastery of post-graduate students in foreign written scientific discourse. Under it, discourse is understood as the process and result of the expression and interpretation of scientific knowledge with a view to their further phased improvement of existing or synthesis of new scientific knowledge. The content of the teaching of the written scientific discourse of post-graduate students includes the development of skills in writing abstracts, reports, reviews, the text of the report, setting presentations, the poster sessions, the application for participation in the scientific event, the grant applications, writing of the scientific report, the scientific article, the abstracts of the report, theses, monograph, dissertation. As one of the teaching methods, you can use the tandem-method (teacher-teacher tandem) - a method of mastering, teaching, based on the partnership of the participants in the educational process, which are two teachers: a foreign language teacher and a teacher of the profile specialty. It is devoted to the description of pedagogical conditions, the implementation of which will contribute to the effectiveness of the methodology for teaching post-graduate students to a foreign written scientific discourse based on the tandem-method. The following conditions to them are attributed: 1) teacher's proficiency in foreign languages at the level of B1-B2; 2) awareness of the teacher of a foreign language in the sphere of professional specialization of students; 3) division of the scope of each tandem teacher; 4) following the learning algorithm in tandem.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2017;22(6):123-130
123-130
ТЕОРИЯ И МЕТОДИКА ОБУЧЕНИЯ РУССКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ
LISTENING POETIC SPEECH ON RUSSIAN LESSONS IN THE 5th GRADE
Abstract
The relevant problems of harmonization of types of speech activity during Russian language lessons and integration of classroom discipline “Russian language” and “Literature” are decided. A detailed analysis of the exercises from the textbook “Russian language. Practice. Grade 5” under the editorship of A.Yu. Kupalova, based on the poetic material is provided. It is based on poetic material, some problems are revealed, connected with the consideration of poems at the lessons of Russian language. During the analysis the problem of the fragmentation of the poetic material used on the lessons of the Russian language is revealed; the problem of a unified approach to prose and poetic works, leveling each type of organization of artistic speech; the problem of mismatch of oral and written forms of the verse in connection with the emphasis on the poetry's graphical side. The main part is a description of the auditive tasks and exercises aimed at solving the above problems. While doing such tasks and exercises students recognize poetry among the lines with different rhythm, turn poetry into prose, write poetry they hear in “column” and “ladder”, work with strophes and rhyme. Rich illustrative materials are presented. Points of contact are found, approach with the methodology reflected in teaching materials is proposed, under the editorship of V.V. Babaytseva starts out from the methodological ideas, implemented in the academic and methodological complex, the exercises of the textbook “Russian language. Practice. Grade 5” under the editorship of A.Yu. Kupalova are varied and modified. In addition, the conditions contributing to the management of the auditive exercises, based on the poetic material are formulated.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2017;22(6):131-137
131-137
THEORY AND METHODS OF PHYSICAL TRAINING TEACHING
CONTROLS OF THE LEVEL OF CADETS’ PHYSICAL FITNESS
Abstract
The research urgency is caused by necessity of observance of requirements of “Instructions for physical culture and sport for pre-University educational institutions of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation” to the level of physical fitness of cadets with a view to their entering higher military educational institutions of the Russian Federation. The aim was to study the physical preparedness of cadet with disorders of the arch of the foot. Main research methods were: run 100 m, shuttle run 10 at 10 m, run 3000 m. It is proved that the cadet with the flat of varying severity, level of physical fitness can improve subject to regular, dosed exercises correctional, or entry into a program of professional-applied physical preparation of the corresponding exercises. The dynamics of the results of the above mentioned tests of the cadets of the control and experimental groups and the comparison of these indicators are described. Physical preparedness determines the level of fitness or organism made in the process, targeted training necessary to constantly monitor. The results of physical fitness level control of the cadet discover the relationship status of their musculoskeletal system, exposure to exercises and correctional results of tests to assess motor abilities of the student.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2017;22(6):138-143
138-143
THE DEVELOPMENT OF POWER CAPABILITY OF SCHOOLCHILDREN IN 10-11 FORM DURING POWERLIFTING PRACTICE
Abstract
One of the most important and effective means of strengthening of health and character building at all times and of all people are physical culture and sport. The powerlifting - new sport which appeared abroad only in the late 40s - the beginning of the 50s of the XX century has come to Russia later, and is now dynamically developing around the world. Popularity of powerlifting is explained by simplicity, availability of this sport, rapid growth of results and beneficial influence on health of the athlete. Powerlifting promotes increase of muscle force, strengthening of sheaves and joints, helps to develop endurance, flexibility and other useful qualities, cultivate will, confidence in the forces, increase operability of all organism. All these things combined do this sport one of valuable and useful in education of the younger generation. At powerlifting with school students of 10-11 forms development of force is not end in itself, but aspiration to achieve their high performance preservation and promotion of health as frequently in daily work during the preservice period, and during military service, young people are not capable to overcome the exercise stresses connected with manifestation of the maximum power tension. Powerlifting can be started not earlier than in 14 years when the school student begins to specialize specifically in powerlifting, and the upper bound practically does not exist. Considerable exercise stresses can be carried out from the age of 17-18. But, unfortunately, in training process there is still no good scientific and methodical providing, there are many unresolved questions connected with technologies and methods of training.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2017;22(6):144-150
144-150
THE DEVELOPMENT OF COORDINATION ABILITIES OF MENTALLY RETARDED CHILDREN 9-11 YEARS OLD BY MEANS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Abstract
At the present time, in the era of automation, people’s motor activity has significantly decreased. In a constantly deteriorating environment, this leads to a significant deterioration in physical development and various diseases. This especially affects children with disabilities. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Health, in our country now up to 70% of children with disabilities in the state of health are born. Therefore, special attention deserves the physical education of children of primary school age, when the motor base is laid, the motivation for practicing physical culture and sports is formed. Junior school age is the period in which the future member of society learns basic motor skills and skills, in the formation of which a significant role is played by coordination abilities. The development of coordination abilities in junior school age is an important part of the process of physical education in school. Developing the coordination abilities of children of different nosological groups, we form a “school of movements”, which in the future will help with less effort to learn complex motor actions and learn new skills. Well-developed coordination capabilities are a fertile ground for the development of other physical qualities (strength, speed, endurance, etc.). An important factor is a properly constructed educational process for physical education for children of younger school age with mental or physical disabilities, restrictions. Teachers for physical education should take into account the methodical recommendations on sex, age, severity of the disease, the peculiarities of the psychic and emotional-volitional sphere of children. Formation of the need for motor activity, systematic training by physical education (exercises) and the implementation of a healthy lifestyle is one of the main tasks of adaptive physical education. In the process of physical education in primary school children of different nosological groups, primary attention is paid to the problems of correction of the primary defect, concomitant diseases and secondary deviations, the development of compensatory mechanisms for the realization of vital activity. The above provisions became real prerequisites, in which the method of developing the coordination abilities of mentally retarded children of primary school age by means of physical education was subsequently developed theoretically and experimentally. Various physical exercises included in the experimental method, variation of methods, methodological methods, and conditions for organizing classes are aimed at correcting the mentally retarded child and his potential opportunities. The appropriate selection of physical exercises allows you to selectively address both general and specific problems. Such natural kinds of exercises such as walking, running, jumping, throwing, ball exercises and others contribute to the development of motor qualities and the prevention of secondary disorders, correction of sensory and mental disorders.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2017;22(6):151-159
151-159
NATIONAL HISTORY
THE HEADS OF TAMBOV FAMILIES AT THE END OF THE 18th - IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19th CENTURY: SOCIAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC ASPECT
Abstract
The history of the family is one of the topical research areas of historical demography and social history. Based on the materials of two mass personified sources (documents on state registration of the population and “lists of city inhabitants”), with use of computer technologies the comparative analysis of social and demographic characteristics of heads of families of Tambov at the end of 18th - the first half of the 19th century has been carried out. Problems of a ratio of number and specific weight of men and women - heads of large and small families of the provincial center are investigated. The marital status of heads of families of Tambov is studied, including, questions of its fixing in the used sources are considered. Features of age characteristics of the head of the family depending on marital status, type of family and class and social group are analyzed. The conclusion is made about the continued domination of men, who accounted for the main share of heads of families in Tambov. The processes of unifying the middle age of the heads of large families by the middle of the 19th century were noted. The conducted research has allowed reveal a difference of age of heads of families of the provincial center and heads of families of villages and the district city of the province. Additional studying is demanded by source study problems of history of provincial Russian city family at the end of 18th - the first half of the 19th century.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2017;22(6):160-171
160-171
ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS OF THE PATRIMONIAL OFFICES OF THE TAMBOV ESTATES IN THE LATE 19th CENTURY
Abstract
The situation of administrative employees of the Tambov province estates at the end of the XIX century is analyzed. The principles of management, the composition of the staffing tables of the patrimonial offices, the salaries of clerical employees are researched. The source for the work was a collection of “Agricultural and statistical information on the materials received from the owners” (St. Petersburg, 1890, issue III), a number of descriptions of large Tambov estates, “Collections of statistical information on the Tambov province” (Tambov, 1886-1896, issue 1-22). The relevance of the work is determined by the importance of advanced forms of administration in the context of the modernization undertaken by some owners of their estates. The presence of competent managers, of course, had a beneficial effect on the success of farming. The study of sources made it possible to determine the difference in the norms of management, depending on the stratification of landed estates by the amount of land and the methods of production activity. The number of employees and their wages increased in direct proportion to the size of ownership. As a result, the largest estates concentrated the largest number of staff in the province. In estates without hired specialists, the landowner was engaged in the economy of ownership or a seasonal administration was invited. The nomenclature of specialists in the Tambov province was not constant, which shows the underdevelopment of the skilled labor market in post-reform Russia.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2017;22(6):172-178
172-178
FEATURES OF CARE OF CHILDREN-ORPHANS IN THE TAMBOV PROVINCE IN THE 19th - EARLY 20th CENTURIES THROUGH THE PRISM OF PUBLIC AND PRIVATE CHARITABLE ACTIVITIES
Abstract
Specifically and comprehensively system of social protection of orphan children in the Tambov province of 19th - beginning of 20th century through the prism of the state, public and private is studied. On the basis of a wide range of primary materials (archives, periodicals, memoirs) was representative of the little-known aspects of the stated scientific problem. The domestic and global study of the formation of the social state and civil charitable initiatives in provincial Russia is summarized, often with significant differences from Metropolitan realities. Amazing success of the charity orphans at the regional and county level is revealed, which allows to assess the modernisation of public initiatives in urban and rural society the chronological period under review. The possibility of Zemstvo institutions in the processes of charitable activities is specified, as well as manifestations of co-financing and participation in these rural projects private persons (representatives of the merchant class, the nobility, burghers and clergy). The position and policy on transfer throw children into private hands on education is specifically reviewed, estimated financial problems associated with the transfer of these orphaned children to childless families. The main reasons for the active charitable activities major regional patrons are found, reflecting general trends in the development of self-assessment of provincial merchants and representatives of other estates of the Russian Empire in the period under review. The conclusions about the results and historical experience, traditions and peculiarities of support of children-orphans at the level of province and county, that allowed to reconstruct the system of social protection of pre-revolutionary Russia. Attention is drawn to the importance of the regional context and the specific historical manifestations of charitable support and private initiative in the period under review, as well as evaluation of socio-political, socio-cultural and ethno-religious positions of the regional society. The impact of certain categories of donors for the social protection of children-orphans in a period of education and training in shelters, and the subsequent socialization is clarified.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2017;22(6):179-189
179-189
NUNNERIES AND MONASTICISM AS A PART OF THE SOCIAL HISTORY OF RUSSIA OF THE IMPERIAL PERIOD (HISTORIOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS OF THE STUDIES OF THE 18th-21st CENTURIES)
Abstract
There is a historiographical introduction to the study of the history of nunneries and women’s monasticism as an urgent and promising topic that requires the consideration of the scientific experience accumulated by domestic and foreign science. The identification and comprehension of works that make it possible to characterize the historical perspective of female monasticism is realized in the form of a sum of formulations that reveal the logic of the scientific process and generate humanitarian knowledge about the subject under study. The main approaches to understanding the problems associated with the social dynamics of the female communal religious movement are identified. The thematic-chronological systematization of historical knowledge about the formation, functioning, patterns of development, conditions of existence, as well as on the gender specifics and individual representatives of Russian monasticism was carried out on the basis of a representative sample of studies from the early 19th to the 21st century. On the basis of the analysis carried out, an assessment is made of the state and prospects of studying Russian Orthodox female monasticism as part of Russia’s social history. The need to take into account the macro and micro factors affecting the process of monastic construction, the way of monastic life and the formation of types of female monastic ministry is proved. The dependence of female monasticism on the masculine, on the institution of eldership, is revealed. The close dependence of the characteristics of monasticism as a social group on the methods of consolidation, social adaptation, etc., is substantiated.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2017;22(6):190-199
190-199
ORTHODOX CLERGY AT THE RIGHT WING OF SOCIAL AND POLITICAL LIFE AT THE END OF 19th - THE BEGINNING OF 20th CENTURIES
Abstract
The development of orthodox clergy at the background of social and political life of the Russian Empire at the end of 19th the beginning of 20th centuries is considered. The attention is paid to the changes in social and political situation, when the Church in the person of clergy was in disadvantaged position under the influence of liberal reforms and the stress of emancipated society. Following the conservative position, supporting the political system, the clergy needed the discretion, but they were limited by the bureaucratic synodal system. It is marked that the inconsistency of conservative course of state policy caused complaints because of the increase of liberal ideas. These liberal ideas were different from traditionally stable model of social and state relations. The necessity of reformations, which could let ease the state supervision on the Church and form active parish community, which would be able to consolidate the society, was understood by the most of the representatives of orthodox clergy. At the same time, the process of parliamentarization of the society actualized the problem of elective origin of the Church. By the beginning of 20th century the crisis of bureaucratic system was reached, the clergy was very actively involved and they had to delay the decision of their own problems. Complemented by subjective opinion of the Emperor Nicholas II, the Church Council conduction was delayed.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2017;22(6):200-210
200-210
THE COSTS OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE IN THE ORGANIZATION OF NAVAL INTELLIGENCE ON THE EVE OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR (1907-1914)
Abstract
At the age of the World War I Russian government faced problems of reorganization and organizations of their intelligent forces on the fleet. Naval general staff required huge investments for organization and training of agents who are able to work abroad, from the government. There were considered the attitude of the naval ministry and the financial ministry to the forming naval intelligence. The problem of financing of naval intelligence was studied from the formation of the Naval Head quarter before the World War I. Using unpublished documents from archives and modern researches, the estimation of the allowance organization of intelligence activities in the Russian Navy in preparation for war was given for the first time. They were analyzed the reasons of poor funding’s intelligence services in Navy at the edge of World War I. Statistical data for comparison of financing military and naval intelligence services in the period from 1905 to 1909 is given. The data of the material, which was used, allowed concluding on the role of financial factors to work the naval agents abroad and the quality of extracted information.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2017;22(6):211-215
211-215
LIMITATION OF SHARIA COURT AUTHORITY AS A MEASURE FOR INTEGRATION OF OUTLANDERS OF VOLGA-URAL REGION IN THE RUSSIAN LEGAL SPACE (IN THE JOURNALS OF SPECIAL MEETINGS IN MUSLIM AFFAIRS OF 1914)
Abstract
One of the tasks of the internal national policy of the Russian Empire in the post-reform period was the integration of the Tatar-Muslim population into the socio-cultural and legal life of the country. To achieve this goal, the government considered various ways of influencing Islamic institutions, including the Sharia court. For a comprehensive study of this issue at the beginning of the century, special organs (Special Meetings) for interdepartmental interaction were convened. The purpose is to analyze the journals of the Special Meeting on Muslim Affairs of 1914, which reveal the attitude of the authorities to the system of Muslim legal proceedings, and also contain concrete measures for its reform. On the basis of the materials studied, it was concluded that both civil and religious laws were used to regulate the daily life of the Muslims of the empire. There was a certain symbiosis of norms that contributed to the normal functioning of society. At the beginning of the XX century, to ensure the integration processes, the government planned to limit the sphere of influence of the Sharia courts and establish a uniformity of the norms of substantive and procedural law. At the same time the complete exclusion of Sharia from the legal system was not considered. The history of the functioning of the Muslim court is a good example of the possibility of interaction between Russian and Islamic law in a multi-confessional state.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2017;22(6):216-221
216-221
СОВРЕМЕННОЕ ОБЩЕСТВО И ПРОБЛЕМЫ ГЛОБАЛИЗАЦИИ
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF IDEOLOGY RESEARCH OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION OF FRANCOPHONIE
Abstract
The peculiarities of ideology research of one of international organizations - Francophonie, are considered. The choice of key tasks of organization is considered from the point of view of theory, history and dynamics of community development. The circle of interests of Francophonie is rather broad, it always changes and is supplemented by new ideas of realization of two main tasks of this organization. On the one hand, International Organization Francophonie has an aim of saving and increase the status, the use and significance of French language. On the other hand - the work of Francophonie is aimed at support and widening of linguistic and cultural diversity. It is a significant means of development and democracy protection, the human rights, trust establishment and respect to each other. It is marked that history and foreign relations were considered from the point of view of political economy for a long period of time. Now the necessity to use other approaches to the study of historical events appears, which consider the historical process from the point of view of nonmaterial factors (such as, for example, cultural and civilization analysis of human values of N.Y. Danilevsky, O. Spengler, A.J. Toynbee, S. Huntington and many others, or modern constructivism of M. Foucault). Such approach let consider Francophonie as a grant of improvement of not only a process of globalization, but also a civilization development. That is connected with the second component of International Organization Francophonie ideology - with cultural factor, culture diversity protection and also democracy.
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2017;22(6):222-230
222-230
К 100-ЛЕТИЮ ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ НА ТАМБОВЩИНЕ
“...THE FACULTY FIND THAT IT IS NECESSARY TO LEAVE FOR TAMBOV WITH A FULL COMPLEMENT...”. ABOUT MOSCOW ORIGIN OF TAMBOV AGRARIAN FACULTY (1918)
Abstract
Basing on the documents of State Archive of Tambov province, mostly introduced in scientific sphere for the first time, and the data of e-resources the basic stages are traced, the prehistory of agronomical faculty of Tambov State University (1918). The revealed materials let consider the educational-scientific level, being the basis of higher agrarian education in Tambov region absolutely corresponding to the academic demands
Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities. 2017;22(6):231-236
231-236