Use of local antiviral therapy for glossitis caused by the herpes virus type IV: a clinical experience

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: This article discusses approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of glossitis caused by the herpes virus type IV using a local antiviral component (Epstein–Barr virus, EBV). The results of the clinical and laboratory picture of the disease in dynamics before and after treatment (3 and 6 months) were studied. Clinically significant results were obtained, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed treatment method.

AIM: To develop a highly effective protocol for the treatment of EBV-related glossitis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty patients aged 27–52 years diagnosed with EBV-related glossitis were examined. All patients underwent PCR diagnostics for HSV-1, HSV-2, EBV, CMV and herpes virus type 6 in saliva and EBV DNA in blood and serological examination for EBV antigens. An infectious disease specialist and local antiviral therapy, that is, appropriate gels/liniments, were included in the treatment for glossitis. Its clinical and laboratory efficacy was investigated 3 and 6 months after treatment.

RESULTS: EBV was detected in all the examined patients, at a concentration of 14000–1200000 mg/ml. HSV-2 and CMV were often detected in the participants of this study (up to 70%) at a concentration of 720–12000 mg/ml, along with a low detection rate of HSV-1 and HSV-6 in saliva (up to 7%, respectively) at a concentration of 540–820 mg/ml. The viral load of EBV in the blood was detected in 15.2% of the patients (0.6–3.4 Ig 105 copies/ml). Analysis of the ELISA results revealed Ig class G to NA, VCA, and EBNA antigens of EBV.

CONCLUSION: The use, along with a systemic, local antiviral component, is highly effective in the treatment of glossitis caused by EBV, including when EBV coexists with other types of herpes virus.

About the authors

Anastasia R. Serazetdinova

National Research Mordovia State University

Author for correspondence.
Email: hosi7A@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-9913-3929
SPIN-code: 8077-9108

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor

Russian Federation, 15 Lenin avenue, Saransk 430005

Dmitry A. Trunin

Samara State Medical University

Email: trunin-027933@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7221-7976
SPIN-code: 5951-4659

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

Russian Federation, Samara

Elena V. Yeliseikina

National Research Mordovia State University

Email: trifan.elena2994@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5390-3591
SPIN-code: 2387-3847
Russian Federation, 15 Lenin avenue, Saransk 430005

Ilya A. Zakharkin

National Research Mordovia State University

Email: zakharkinas@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7132-4887
SPIN-code: 9437-4326
Russian Federation, 15 Lenin avenue, Saransk 430005

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Patient E., 49 years old: a — plaque, hyperplasia of the filamentous papillae of the tongue in glossitis caused by the Epstein–Barr virus; b — hyperplasia of the leaf-shaped, grooved papillae of the tongue in glossitis caused by Epstein–Barr virus.

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3. Fig. 2. The frequency of representatives of the herpes virus in saliva. ВПГ — herpes simplex virus, ВЭБ — Epstein–Barr virus, ЦМВ — cytomegalovirus.

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4. Fig. 3. Patient Е., 49 years old. Restoration of filamentous papillae 3 months after treatment.

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5. Fig. 4. Patient E., 49 years old, 6 months after treatment: a — absence of hyperplasia of the filamentous papillae of the tongue, preservation of hyperplasia of the leaf-shaped papillae of the tongue; b — minor hyperplasia of the grooved papillae of the tongue.

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