Parameters of free radical oxidation in women of different ethnic groups in menopause living in urban and rural areas of the Baikal region

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BACKGROUND: The course of menopause may acquire a pathological trajectory, leading to the development of associated disorders and the formation of climacteric syndrome. The predisposition to pathological conditions can be assessed through evaluation of nonspecific lipid peroxidation processes. It is known that these processes can be influenced by various factors, including ethnicity of the subjects, whereas the impact of place of residence remains poorly studied.

AIM: This study aimed to assess the parameters of free radical oxidation and antioxidant defense in menopausal women of Russian and Buryat ethnic groups living in urban and rural areas of the Baikal region, in order to determine the impact of territorial factors of this region on the local population.

METHODS: The study included 344 women in the climacteric period, divided into four groups: Russian ethnic group, urban (n=115); Russian ethnic group, rural (n=43); Buryat ethnic group, urban (n=129); Buryat ethnic group, rural (n=57). In all women, lipid peroxidation parameters were measured: the levels of substrates with isolated double bonds, diene conjugates, ketodienes and conjugated trienes, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. Assessment of antioxidant defense components included determination of superoxide dismutase activity, total antioxidant activity of blood, concentrations of α-tocopherol and retinol, levels of reduced and oxidized glutathione, and calculation of their ratio. Differences were considered significant at p <0.05.

RESULTS: Russian women living in rural areas had higher levels of substrates with isolated double bonds (p=0.013), diene conjugates (p=0.018), ketodienes and conjugated trienes (p=0.047), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (p=0.011), superoxide dismutase activity (p <0.001), and oxidized glutathione (p=0.006), along with lower retinol levels (p=0.001), reduced glutathione (p <0.001), and the reduced/oxidized glutathione ratio (p <0.001), compared to urban residents. Among Buryat women in rural areas, higher levels of substrates with isolated double bonds (p <0.001), diene conjugates (p=0.001), ketodienes and conjugated trienes (p =0.001), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (p <0.001), superoxide dismutase activity (p = 0.009), α-tocopherol (p=0.043), and oxidized glutathione (p=0.008) were observed compared to urban residents. Ethnic differences were identified only among urban women, with Russian women showing higher values of ketodienes and conjugated trienes (p=0.008), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (p <0.001), α-tocopherol (p <0.001), retinol (p <0.001), reduced glutathione (p <0.001), and the reduced/oxidized glutathione ratio (p <0.001).

CONCLUSION: The ecological characteristics of the Baikal region exert a significant influence on the state of free radical homeostasis in menopausal women of the region’s major ethnic groups.

About the authors

Anastasia S. Lesnaya

Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems

Email: tasi121212@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1055-4608
SPIN-code: 4374-3460

Cand. Sci. (Biology), Junior Research Associate

Russian Federation, 16 Timiryazev st, Irkutsk, 664003

Natalya V. Semenova

Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems

Author for correspondence.
Email: natkor_84@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6512-1335
SPIN-code: 6606-0160

Dr. Sci. (Biology)

Russian Federation, 16 Timiryazev st, Irkutsk, 664003

Marina A. Darenskaya

Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems

Email: marina_darenskaya@inbox.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3255-2013
SPIN-code: 3327-4213

Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Russian Federation, 16 Timiryazev st, Irkutsk, 664003

Lubov I. Kolesnikova

Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems

Email: kolesnikova20121@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3354-2992
SPIN-code: 1584-0281

MD, Dr. Sci (Medicine), Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Russian Federation, 16 Timiryazev st, Irkutsk, 664003

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