Analysis of clinikal and morphological features of missed abortions, associated with chromosomal abnormalities of the chorion

Nowadays the problem of recurrent miscarriage is relevant. 17-20% of all registered pregnancies end with inevitable miscarriages. 80% of them are early pregnancies and in most cases represent missed abortions. Besides, one of the leading cause of missed abortion are chromosomal abnormalities. Analyzed the clinical and anamnestic data of patients, diagnosed with missed abortion during early pregnancy, examined in Saint-Petersburg in 2005-2006 and 2015-2017: patients with normal chorion karyotype and patients with chromosomal abnormalities of the chorion. Revealed that the prevailing chromosomal abnormality is aneuploidy, among all types of aneuploidy the most frequently are trisomy 16, trisomy 13, trisomy 22 and trisomy 21. The structure of aneuploidy has changed in 10-11 years. Now, in comparison with 2005-2006, at missed abortion the trisomy 16 in chorionic villi is found 3.8 times more often, the trisomy 13 is found 2.8 times more often and the trisomy 22 is found twice less often (p<0,01). The groups with normal chorion karyotype and with chromosomal abnormalities of the chorion are clinical-anamnestic comparable, but recurrent miscarriage and complicated childbirth in history are more common in patients with normal chorion karyotype, than in patients with chromosomal abnormalities of the chorion. Histologic research of abortion material revealed differences in the microscopic picture, depending on the type of chromosomal abnormalities. It can be used for the purpose of improvement of quality of diagnostics in the absence of a possibility of realization of a cytogenetic research.

missed abortion, chromosomal abnormalities, karyotype, trisomy, aneuploidy, polyploidy, cytogenetic research, chorionic villi, recurrent miscarriage