Morphofunctional changes in the myocardium of the left ventricle at an early stage of the development of hypertension

Hypertension, as one of the most common diseases of the circulatory system in the world population, has a large number of complications, including leading to chronic heart failure and other serious complications and, as a result, of disability, deserves the attention of clinicians and scientists, working on techniques that allow early diagnosis of morphofunctional changes in the myocardium within this pathology. As soon as standard echocardiography evaluates the systolic function and is based on the indications of the ejection fraction, which reveals a violation of systolic function only at the late stages of the development of hypertension, often irreversible, in our special study we used a technique that allows us to estimate the longitudinal deformation to detect early violations of contractility myocardium of the left ventricle at the initial stage of the disease. The examination of 68 patients revealed uneven changes in the indices of longitudinal deformation of the left ventricle. It was discovered that the early stage of the development of the disease, the segments of the anterior and anterior-septal area, as well as the basal segment of the lower wall of the left ventricle, suffer. An interesting fact is that the vast majority of the above segments are supplied by blood from the anterior interventricular artery. A negative correlation was found between the thickness of the MES in relation to the longitudinal strain indicators in the respective segments, which confirms the development of systolic dysfunction as the hypertrophy of the walls of the left ventricle develops. Thus, it has been proved that the assessment of myocardial longitudinal strain is highly informative in the early diagnosis of disorders of its contractility among hypertensive patients with early stages.

echocardiography, circulatory system, speckle-tracking, longitudinal deformation of the myocardium, hypertonic disease, left ventricular hypertrophy, «bull`s eye», myocardial contractility