Physical factors in the medical rehabilitation of children with atopic dermatitis

The results of numerous studies allow us to conclude that atopic dermatitis is one of the most common inflammatory skin diseases in children. Most often, atopic dermatitis debuts at an early age and its prevalence in the child population can reach 10–30%. Scientific forecasts, as well as data from various researchers, indicate not only a significant increase in the number of patients, but also a worsening of the course of atopic dermatitis, which causes a high medical and social significance of the problem of this disease. The main manifestations of the disease are itching, typical morphology and localization of skin rashes, dry skin, chronic recurrent course. Also, atopic dermatitis is a very serious chronic disease that can be emotionally difficult for patients and their family members. Emotional factors often increase the manifestations of the disease. With the appearance in recent years of modern active and effective, but sufficiently safe corticosteroid drugs approved for use in children, real progress has been noted in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. However, the use of elimination measures and diets, the exclusion of food allergens, taking antihistamines, local and systemic pharmacotherapy does not always allow to stop inflammation and achieve long-term remission. Non-drug methods of treatment of atopic dermatitis have recently been given great importance due to the high frequency of undesirable effects when using medications. The main objectives of physiotherapy for atopic dermatitis are: normalization of the central and autonomic nervous system, hyposensitization, soothing, antitoxic, anti-inflammatory, resorbing, trophic, antipruritic and restorative.