Influence of the spectral composition of light on the growth and biosynthetic characteristics of thalictrum minus cell suspension culture and in vitro screening of biological activity

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Abstract

Introduction. Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid with a wide range of biological activity. Thalictrum minus cell suspension culture is a promising producer of this alkaloid. Unlike other producers, up to 30% of the berberine synthesized by Thalictrum minus is released into the nutrient medium. However, due to the low productivity of the crop, there is a need to find effective methods for regulating biosynthesis. One of the effective but insufficiently studied regulatory factors is light. The aim of the study was to compare the effect of the spectral composition of light on the accumulation of biomass and synthesis of berberine by suspension culture of T. minus cells, as well as to evaluate the biological activity of the extracts obtained using specific enzyme biotest systems in vitro.

Material and methods. The object of the study was a suspension culture of cells of the small basiliseum (Thalictrum minus L.) grown in conditions of a given illumination and photoperidium with light of a given spectrum. The morphophysiological parameters of the culture (cell shape, accumulation of dry biomass, growth index, productivity, accumulation of berberine) were analyzed, and anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity was screened in vitro.

Results. For the first time, a comparative analysis of the effect of prolonged (12-hour) illumination with monochromatic red (660 nm), blue (440 nm) and white cold (10000 K) light on the suspension culture of T. minus cells was carried out. It was found that red and white light are effective growth stimulators, significantly increasing the maximum biomass (by 21% and 30%, respectively). Using specific enzyme biotest systems (in vitro), it was shown that the biological activity of extracts depended on the conditions of cell culture cultivation.

Conclusions. The culture of T. minus cells is sensitive to various types of exogenous regulation, including light. The effect of light exposure is complex and is determined by the photoperiod, spectrum, and intensity.

About the authors

A. S. Timokhina

All-Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Author for correspondence.
Email: t.a.s.77777@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3658-5093
SPIN-code: 5684-0544

Post-graduate Student, Research Scientist

Russian Federation, 7 Grina Street, Moscow, 117216

I. A. Lupanova

All-Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Email: lupanova@vilarnii.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8183-2877

Ph.D. (Biol.), Head of Preclinical Studies Center

Russian Federation, 7 Grina Street, Moscow, 117216

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