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Vol 46, No 9 (2019)
- Year: 2019
- Articles: 7
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/1068-3356/issue/view/14167
Article
Vanadium Oxide Nanostructures Synthesized by Laser Ablation in Water
Abstract
The composition and structure morphology of a dry colloid precipitate obtained by pure vanadium ablation in distilled water is analyzed by X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy. It is shown that the precipitate material is based on various vanadium oxides in the amorphous form. The precipitate represents a conglomerate of micrometer-sized particles composed of various layered structures of nanoscale thickness with a highly developed surface. These features of vanadium oxide nanostructures imply their promising application as efficient substrata in the analytical method based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering.
273-275
Effect of Below-Freezing Temperature on Optical Loss of Polyimide-Coated Optical Fibers
Abstract
An increase in the optical loss in polyimide-coated optical fibers, caused by microbendings is detected at temperatures below -25 °C. It is shown that the observed increase in the optical loss is due to the presence of a residual N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone solvent in the polyimide coating.
276-278
Efficient Conversion of Photon Energy in Film Structures of Photoactive Molecules
Abstract
Donor-acceptor dyad monolayers with opposite molecule orientations are grown using the Langmuir-Blodgett and Langmuir-Schaefer methods. The effect of the ‘built-in’ potential on photovoltaic responses of samples is shown. The directed charge transfer is studied during pulsed optical excitation in structures containing dyad, phthalocyanine, and polymer. The relative sensitivity of structures upon light absorption reaches 240 V·cm2 ·mJ−1.
279-283
Role of Aqueous Aerosols in Ozone Decomposition in the Near-Surface Atmosphere
Abstract
The effect of aqueous aerosol on the ozone concentration in atmospheric air is experimentally demonstrated. In field experiments, an abrupt decrease in the ozone concentration in the near-surface atmosphere was observed during a short-term shower rain in a megacity. Ozone decomposition in the presence of water was also studied under laboratory conditions in the reactive chamber. It is shown that ozone decomposition in air is enhanced at high relative humidity, and in the presence of aqueous aerosol. The ozone decomposition rate depends on the aerosol size; the smaller the particle, the higher the decomposition rate; this can indicate a significant role of heterogeneous bonding on the aerosol surface in the ozone decomposition.
284-288
Low-Energy Electron Detection by Total-Absorption Cherenkov Spectrometer
Abstract
The results of calibration of the total-absorption Cherenkov spectrometer based on TF-1 lead glass of a thickness 14.8X0 using a quasi-monochromatic electron beam are presented. It is found that the energy resolution is 89–10% in the electron beam energy range E = 6–285 MeV, correspondingly.
289-293
Search and Detection of Fast Radio Bursts in the Direction of Galaxies M31 and M33
Abstract
The results of processing of the data from the Big Scanning Antenna radio telescope of the Lebedev Physical Institute obtained from 2012 to 2019 for the purpose of searching for fast radio bursts in Galaxies M31 and M33 are presented. Using numerical simulation, a fixed-shape template was obtained, which was then used to separate the desired pulsed signal by convolution with a trial dispersion measure. As a result, from July 2012 to February 2019, nine fast radio bursts with various dispersion measures were detected, three of which were detected in the M33 direction with six pulses detected in the M31 direction. Pulse characteristics are presented.
294-296
Three-Dimensional Paul Trap with High Secular Frequency for Compact Optical Clock
Abstract
The Paul ion trap is developed for the use in a compact frequency standard based on a single ytterbium ion. The design features are the use of atomic ovens for compensating for parasitic electric fields and good optical accessibility. The results on trapping and laser cooling of a single 171Yb+ ion are presented. A secular frequency of up to 1.2 MHz has been achieved.
297-300