Lidar Sensing of Multilayer Fog Evolution in the Inclined Tunnel of the Baksan Neutrino Observatory

Abstract

for the first time to our knowledge, multilayer fog evolution is detected using a compact backscattering lidar. Sensing of aerosols was performed in an inclined tunnel (50 m long) of the scintillation telescope of the Baksan Neutrino Observatory. The lidar was assembled on a GaAs diode laser (λ = 910 nm) with an eye-safe radiation intensity (< 1 µJ/cm²) and a high pulse repetition rate (to 10 kHz) with a record short duration (∼3 ns) when pumped with current pulses. A silicon avalanche photodiode operating in the gated photon counting mode was used as a receiver.