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Том 119, № 6 (2016)
- Год: 2016
- Статей: 11
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/1063-4258/issue/view/15469
Articles
Influence of Technological Variance on Absorber Element Effectiveness During Burnup
Аннотация
The influence of technological variance in the absorber arrangement on the effectiveness during burnup is studied in a one-dimensional model in the form of a homogeneous cylindrical reactor of infinite height. An analytical approach based on the theory of random functions is used. Several possible variants of the concentration fluctuations along the radius of an absorber element differing by the radial dependence of the dispersion and the degree of correlation are studied. It is shown that compared with the overall variance of the absorber content the fluctuations are of very little significance for the effectiveness of an absorber element.
373-379
Article
Determination of the Containment Lifetime Characteristics as a Problem of Controlling the Life Cycle of NPP with VVER-1000
Аннотация
A systems approach to evaluating the service life of the reinforced, prestressed, concrete, containment shell of an NPP with VVER-1000 is examined. The main steps in evaluating the technical condition and remaining service life of its structural units are described. An additional 30-year period of operation of the containment shell of the No. 1 unit of the Kalininskaya NPP and the Nos. 2 and 3 units of the Balakovo NPP is determined on the basis of these investigations.
380-383
Determination of the Thermohydraulic Parameters of Inter-Fuel-Element Channels in Research Reactors with Four-Bladed Fuel Elements
Аннотация
Evaluations of the coefficients of hydraulic resistance and heat emission in the cores of the SM and PIK research reactors operating at nominal power are presented. The evaluations were obtained taking account of the shape of the flow section of an inter-fuel-element channel and the surface roughness of the fuel elements. The values obtained agree with the experimental values to within the errors.
384-390
Coefficient of Radiation-Stimulated Diffusion of Interstitial Atoms in a Flux of Fast Electrons
Аннотация
An expression for the coefficient of radiation-stimulated diffusion of interstitial atoms, which arises in a flux of fast electrons, is obtained on the basis of a solution of Boltzmann’s equation. As a specific example, a relation for approximate evaluation of the coefficient of radiation-stimulated diffusion of interstitial atoms in a flux of fast electrons formed when fast heavy charged particles decelerate in materials is presented and analyzed.
391-395
Effect of Atomic Collision Cascade Formation on Precipitate Growth Kinetics in the Structural Materials of Reactors Under Neutron Irradiation
Аннотация
The concentration and average size of phase precipitates enriched with impurity atoms in materials under irradiation, specifically, copper, nickel, and manganese, in the vessel steel of a reactor strongly influence the strength characteristics. This work proposes a theoretical model of the effect of atomic-collision cascades in a material irradiated by fast neutrons on the growth kinetics of copper enriched precipitates at the coalescence stage. The changes in the size distribution function, the time dependences of the concentration and average size as a function of the irradiation dose of fast neutrons at the coalescence stage, as well as the asymptotic changes in the critical size of the deposits are found analytically for large precipitates. The theoretical results are compared with the experimental results.
396-403
Interaction of UF6 and UF4 with Methanol
Аннотация
The results of investigations of interactions in the systems UF6–CH3OH and UF4–CH3OH in the gas phase at atmospheric pressure and temperature 350–450 and 550–650°C, respectively, are presented. A new method of converting UF6 to UF4 and UO2 and water-free HF via its interaction with atomic hydrogen, whose source is methanol, is proposed on the basis of these results. The fact that atomic hydrogen is obtained at moderate temperature and is chemically active for subsequent processing of UF4 and UO2 of the required quality and the suitability of corrosion-resistant steel and nickel for the process hardware attest that this method of conversion of depleted uranium hexafluoride holds promise.
404-407
Ion-Exchange Processes in the Reprocessing of Sulfate Solutions and Pulps with Production of High-Purity Beryllium Compounds
Аннотация
The results of experimental investigations and commercial trials of ion-exchange processes in the technology of obtaining metallic beryllium are presented. The regimes of extraction and sorption extraction of beryllium from sulfate solutions and pulps are presented, and methods of purifying desorbates by removing impurities with the production of high-purity ammonium hydroxide and fluoroberyllate – the primary intermediate products determining the user properties of metallic beryllium and products based on it – are developed.
408-413
Acoustic Nondestructive Testing of Silicon Carbide/Graphite Composite
Аннотация
The relation between the structure and acoustic parameters for silicon carbide/graphite composite is shown. The effect of the composition and density of the composite and the size of the structural component of silicon on the propagation velocity and damping of the longitudinal ultrasonic wave at frequency 1, 4, and 5 MHz is determined. The results obtained can serve as a basis for testing the quality of the parts in tribocoupling units.
414-418
Natural and Industrial Background Irradiation Doses for the General Public
Аннотация
This article contains information on the content of radionuclides in air in the sanitary-hygienic and observation zones of objects, in open-reservoir water located in the sanitary-hygienic and observation zones, and in locally produced food products. Data are presented on the most representative radiation exposure for the general public under normal operating conditions of industrial sources as well as on the radiation conditions and radiation exposure for the public in 2013 on territory within the jurisdiction of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia.
419-423
Software–Hardware Complex of the Monitoring System for the Sealing Surfaces of the Main Connector of a Water Moderated and Cooled Reactor
428-430
Scientific and Technical Communications
Improved Design of an Experimental Rotary Induction Calcinator for Reprocessing Liquid Radwastes
424-427