Vol 15, No 5 (2010)
- Year: 2010
- Articles: 14
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/1028-9984/issue/view/2356
Articles
Varianty rezektsii pecheni pri zlokachestvennykh opukholyakh
Abstract
The paper analyzes the results of surgical treatment in 85 patients with malignant liver tumors. According to the nature of a tumor process, all the patients were divided into two group: 1) 16 (18.8%) patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and 2) 69 (81.9%) with colorectal cancer liver metastases (CCLM). The staging distribution of patients was as follows: 1) (TNM) 7 (43.7%) patients with Stages II-III and 9 (56.3%) with Stage IVA; 2) mTNM) 1 (1.4%) patient with Stage I, 12 (17.4%) with Stage II, 15 (21.7%) with Stage III, and 31 (44.9%) with Stage IVA, and 10 (14.5%) with Stage IVB. Choice of a resection mode was determined by the clinical and pathological factors of a tumor and the functional reserve of the liver. Extended hemihepatectomy (EHH) was carried out in 6 patients with HCC; hemihepatectomy (HH) in 2; bisegmentectomy in 2, and segmentectomy in 1; nonanatomic resections in 4; a combination of anatomic and non-anatomic resections in 1. Fifty-three (77%) and 7 (10%) patients with CCLM underwent anatomic and anatomic resections, respectively; a combination of both resection modes was performed in 9 (13%0 cases. According to the volume of anatomic resection, the patient distribution was as follows: EHH in 15 (28%) patients, HH in 21 (40%), bisegmentectomy in 7 (15%), and segmentectomy in 10 (19%). The preoperative risk for hepatic failure was assessed by ultrasonography and a methacetin breath test. No extensive resection was made if the hepatectomy index was less 3.8%. Postoperative complications occurred in 4 patients with HCC. Post-CCLM mortality was 4.3%. In patients with HCC, 5-year survival was 48%; in those with CCLM, 5-year overall and relapse-free survival were 35.1 and 22.4%, respectively.
Russian Journal of Oncology. 2010;15(5):4-8
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Khirurgicheskoe lechenie pervichnogo i metastaticheskogo raka pecheni
Abstract
Surgical hepatology is presently one of the most intensively developing areas of modern surgery. Success mainly concerns surgical treatment for primary and secondary liver malignancies. The paper presents the immediate and long-term results of surgical treatment in patients with primary and metastatic tumors of the liver. Forty anatomic resections, including 13 via hilar access and 27 via Glissonean approach, were performed in 2005 to 2010. All patients have undergone preoperative comprehensive estimation of hepatic functional reserves since 2008. The magnitude of resection and the volume of intraoperative blood loss significantly affected the degree of postresection hepatic failure. The rate of postoperative complications was lower in the patients operated on via Glissonean approach than in those operated on via hilar approach. The authors' scheme for the preoperative determination of hepatic functional reserves made it possible to predict the development of postresection complications more precisely and to change the scope of surgical intervention in relation to the findings. Surgical approach is essential for the treatment of primary and metastatic tumors of the liver and enables survival rates to be considerably increased.
Russian Journal of Oncology. 2010;15(5):8-12
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Rezul'taty radiochastotnoy rezektsii pecheni po povodu metastazov kolorektal'nogo raka
Abstract
The authors present the immediate and long-term results of atypical hepatectomies carried out in 124 patients for colorectal cancer metastases in 1999 to June 2009. Hepatectomies were performed using radiofrequency (RF) devices in 32 patients and electric, ultrasonic, and argon-beam coagulations in 92. Combined operations in the volume of resection of different portions of the colorectum and hepatectomy were made in 112 patients; hepatectomies for metachronic metastases were carried out in 12. Hepatectomies using RF devices versus conventional hepatectomy reduce intraoperative blood loss, the time of resection, and the incidence of complications. Three-year survival rates in the patients who had undergone RF-assisted hepatectomies are comparable with those in the patients who had conventional atypical hepatectomies.
Russian Journal of Oncology. 2010;15(5):12-16
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Khirurgicheskoe lechenie bol'nykh s metastazami kolorektal'nogo raka v pecheni i legkikh
Abstract
The authors give data on 39 patients operated on for colorectal cancer metastases to the liver and lung. Resurgeries were made in 6 cases. Predictors were defined. In patients with simultaneous metastases, 3-year survival was 36% with a median of 21 months and in those with metachronic metastases, it was 69% with a median of 31 months. Better results were obtained in the patients who had undergone hepatectomy and, following 2-3 weeks, metastasis removal from the lung particularly when secondary foci were detected only 6 months or more after primary tumor removal.
Russian Journal of Oncology. 2010;15(5):17-23
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Lechenie sinovial'noy sarkomy u detey
Abstract
The results of treatment are analyzed in 48 patients (22 boys and 26 girls; mean age 10.5±3.7 years) with synovial sarcoma at various sites. The patients were divided into 2 groups matched for gender, age, the site and extent of the process, TNM stage, and a history of recurrences. These were a study group (n = 19) and a control one (n = 29). All the patients received multimodality treatment. The study group was treated by the regimen: multidrug therapy (vepesid, cyclophosphanum, and carboplatin as 4 to 8 courses; radiotherapy to a primary focus in a cumulative focal dose (CFD) of 45-50 Gy; if indicated, large-field radiation of the lung in a CFD of 12 Gy; organ-sparing surgery. Subtransplantation doses of autologous peripheral blood stem cells were reinfused in all the patients. In the study group patients, 2-year overall and relapse-free survival rates were 75.6±10.6 and 66.1±11.3%, respectively.
Russian Journal of Oncology. 2010;15(5):23-27
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Modifitsirovannoe kombinirovannoe lechenie bol'nykh s osteosarkomoy trubchatykh kostey
Abstract
The results of multimodality treatment were analyzed in 122 patients with lower extremity osteosarcoma. According to the treatment modality, the patients were divided into 3 groups: 1) systemic chemotherapy followed by surgery; 2) continuous intraarterial regional chemotherapy followed by surgery (CIARC); 3) CIARC using the modifiers of local hyperthermia and short-term hyperglycemia. The study indicated that the best treatment result was obtained in Group 3. This made it possible to perform organ-sparing surgery in 72.2% of the patients of this group, to reduce the number of crippling operations to 22.2%, and to achieve a significant tumor remission.
Russian Journal of Oncology. 2010;15(5):27-31
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Otsenka effektivnosti fotodinamicheskoy terapii papillomavirusnoy infektsii pri predrake i nachal'nom rake sheyki matki
Abstract
The antiviral efficiency of photodynamic therapy (PDT) was studied in 54 women infected with high-oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA genotypes: 8 patients with moderate dysplasia (Group 1), 32 with severe dysplasia (Group 2); 14 with carcinoma in situ (Group 3). Types 16, 18 of HPV DNA were identified in virtually two thirds of cases or their combination with other high-oncogenic genotypes (31, 33, 35, 45, 58) were noted. A multiplex, quantitative, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was made. PDT used the photosensitizer Photosens. A follow-up lasted 3 months to 1 year. The antiviral efficiency of PDT was evaluated, by comparatively analyzing the results of the multiplex real-time PCR performed before PDT and 3, 6, and 12 months after treatment. Complete eradication of HPV was achieved in 4 women with the low clinically significant amount of virus and in 10 with a clinically significant viral load. There was a complete antiviral effect in 21 of the 36 patients with a higher viral load and a low clinically significant amount of virus in the others. Therefore, PDT has not only antitumor activity, but also a pronounced antiviral effect.
Russian Journal of Oncology. 2010;15(5):31-36
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Prognozirovanie rezul'tatov lecheniya bol'nykh kolorektal'nym rakom s mnozhestvennymi metastazami v pecheni
Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the most common malignancies, which annually afflicts as high as 1 million people worldwide. In 20% of patients with colon cancer, its distant metastases primarily to the liver are detectable at diagnosis; metastases develop in the course of the disease in 50%, which become a cause of their death. Expression of p53 in relation to the morphological characteristics of the primary colon tumor spreading to the liver is one of the negative predictors of the course of the tumor process in colorectal cancer that worsens the prognosis of the disease and greatly affects the efficiency of used chemotherapy regimens. The chemotherapy regimen FOLFI-RE overcomes drug resistance in tumor cells, which further permits a positive treatment response to be achieved in most patients.
Russian Journal of Oncology. 2010;15(5):37-39
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Redkoe klinicheskoe nablyudenie gigantskoy nekrotiziruyushcheysya epiteliomy Malerba temenno-zatylochnoy oblasti
Abstract
The authors report a rare case of Malherbe's giant epithelioma in the parieto-occipital region. Emergency surgery under local anesthesia could preserve the life of a female and realize a radical surgical treatment plan. The uniqueness of this case is due to the fact there are no reports of such cases in the available literature.
Russian Journal of Oncology. 2010;15(5):42-44
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Issledovanie kachestva zhizni pri lechenii kolorektal'nogo raka
Abstract
The paper gives the data available in the literature on quality of life (QL) in patients treated for colorectal cancer. Studies of QL in the treatment of colorectal cancer along with the traditional qualitative parameters are promising in evaluating the efficiency of anti-tumor exposures.
Russian Journal of Oncology. 2010;15(5):47-49
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Neyropaticheskiy bolevoy sindrom v onkologii: epidemiologiya, klassifikatsiya i osobennosti patogeneza pri zlokachestvennykh opukholyakh
Abstract
The paper gives an update on the causes of neuropathic pain, the specific features of its pathogenesis during malignancies, epidemiological data on the prevalence of neuropathic pain in cancer patients in our country, its classifications and details the causes of its occurrence during antitumor treatment, in the generalization of the tumor process, and in systemic metabolic disturbances.
Russian Journal of Oncology. 2010;15(5):50-56
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K 100-letiyu so dnya rozhdeniya professora Aleksandra Kalistratovicha Pachenkova
Russian Journal of Oncology. 2010;15(5):56-56
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