Cluster-Type Structure of Amorphous Smooth Hydrocarbon CD  x   Films ( x  ~ 0.5) from T-10 Tokamak

N. Yu. Svechnikov; V. G. Stankevich; B. N. Kolbasov; Y. V. Zubavichus; A. A. Veligzhanin; V. A. Somenkov; L. P. Sukhanov; A. M. Lebedev; K. A. Menshikov

doi:10.1134/S1027451017060349

Cluster-Type Structure of Amorphous Smooth Hydrocarbon CD_x Films (x ~ 0.5) from T-10 Tokamak

Authors: Svechnikov N.Y.¹, Stankevich V.G.¹, Kolbasov B.N.¹, Zubavichus Y.V.¹, Veligzhanin A.A.¹, Somenkov V.A.¹, Sukhanov L.P.¹^,2, Lebedev A.M.¹, Menshikov K.A.¹
Affiliations:
1. National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute
2. Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology
Issue: Vol 11, No 6 (2017)
Pages: 1208-1215
Section: Article
URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/1027-4510/article/view/194475
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1027451017060349
ID: 194475

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Abstract

Structure of smooth hydrocarbon CD_x films with a high deuterium ratio x ~ 0.5 redeposited from T-10 tokamak D-plasma discharges (NRC Kurchatov Institute, Moscow) has been studied. For the first time, small and wide angle X-ray scattering technique using synchrotron radiation and neutron diffraction have been employed. A fractal structure of CD_x films is found to consist of mass-fractals with rough border, surface fractals (with rough surface), plane scatterers and linear chains forming a branched and highly cross-linked 3D carbon network. The found fractals, including sp² clusters, are of typical size ~1.60 nm. They include a C₁₃ fragment consisting of three interconnected aromatic rings forming a minimal fractal sp² aggregate 9 × C₁₃. These graphene-like sp² clusters are interconnected and form a 3D lattice which can be alternatively interpreted as a highly defective graphene layer with a large concentration of vacancies. The unsaturated chemical bonds are filled with D, H atoms, linear sp² C=C, C=O, and sp³ structural elements like C-C, C-H(D), C-D_2,3, C-O, O-H, COOH, C_xD(H)_y found earlier from the infrared spectra of CD_x films, which are binding linear elements of a carbon network. The amorphous structure of CD_x films has been confirmed by the results of earlier fractal structure modeling, as well as by researches with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy which allow finding a definite similarity with the electron structure of their model analogues — polymeric a-C:H and a-C:D films with a disordered carbon network consisting of atoms in sp³ + sp² states.

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amorphous carbon films, carbon network, fractal (self-affine) structure, small angle X-ray scattering, wide angle X-ray scattering, neutron diffraction

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Cluster-Type Structure of Amorphous Smooth Hydrocarbon CDx Films (x ~ 0.5) from T-10 Tokamak

Full Text

Abstract

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About the authors

Supplementary files

Cluster-Type Structure of Amorphous Smooth Hydrocarbon CD_x Films (x ~ 0.5) from T-10 Tokamak