Pressing Challenges in the Study of the Littoral and Arctic Zones of the Seas and Oceans of Russia

Abstract

Complex studies of the phenomena and processes in littoral zones that affect the conditions of life and maritime activities are a topical trend in modern oceanology. Coastal areas of Russia are diverse in terms of environmental conditions and heterogeneous in terms of development, which requires developing regional research projects on a single theoretical and methodological foundation. This article analyzes the current state of knowledge about geological, geomorphological, hydrometeorological, and biological hazardous phenomena in Russian seas and provides recommendations on how to study them considering the climatic trends of the early 21st century, which are particularly expressed in the Arctic and in the south of Russia. The need for a substantial modernization of the system of the monitoring and forecasting of hazardous phenomena and natural disasters is shown.