Transformation of Carbides in Prolonged Rail Operation
- 作者: Ivanov Y.1,2, Yur’ev A.3, Gromov V.4, Konovalov S.5, Peregudov O.6
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隶属关系:
- Institute of High-Current Electronics, Siberian Branch
- Tomsk Polytechnic University
- AO EVRAZ Ob’edinennyi Zapadno-Siberskii Metallurgicheskii Kombinat (AO EVRAZ ZSMK)
- Siberian State Industrial University
- Samara National Research University
- Omsk State Technical University
- 期: 卷 48, 编号 2 (2018)
- 页面: 97-103
- 栏目: Article
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/0967-0912/article/view/179991
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S0967091218020067
- ID: 179991
如何引用文章
详细
The evolution of the carbide phase in the surface layers of bulk-quenched rails (after the passage of 500 and 1000 million t of traffic) and differentially quenched rails (after the passage of 691.8 million t) to a depth of 10 mm at the central axis of the rail cross section and at the nearby rounded section is studied by transmission electron-diffraction microscopy. The grains of plate pearlite, ferrite–carbide mixture, and structure-free ferrite are analyzed. The carbide phase in the surface layers of the steel changes in two mutually complementary processes during rail operation: (1) cleavage of cementite particles with subsequent entrainment in ferrite grains or plates (in the pearlite structure); (2) cleavage and dissolution of cementite particles, with transfer of carbon atoms to dislocations (in Cottrell atmospheres and in dislocational cores), which transport them to the ferrite grains (or plates), where cementite nanoparticles are formed again. In the previous location of the plates, fragmented dislocational substructure appears. The boundaries of the fragments are found at the positions previously occupied by cementite α-phase boundaries. The solution of cementite is mainly due to the energy of carbon atoms at dislocation cores and subboundaries in comparison with the cementite lattice. The binding energy of the carbon atom and the dislocations is 0.6 eV and the binding energy of the carbon atom and the subboundary is 0.8 eV, as against 0.4 eV for the carbon atom in cementite. Elastoplastic stress fields are formed; their stress concentrators are intra- and interphase boundaries of ferrite and pearlite grains, cementite plates and ferrite of the pearlite colonies, and globular cementite and ferrite particles. Those are also the basic sources of curvature and torsion in the crystal lattice of the rail steel. On approaching the contact surface, the number of stress concentrators increases, and the internal long-range stress fields are of greater amplitude.
作者简介
Yu. Ivanov
Institute of High-Current Electronics, Siberian Branch; Tomsk Polytechnic University
编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: yufi55@mail.ru
俄罗斯联邦, Tomsk; Tomsk
A. Yur’ev
AO EVRAZ Ob’edinennyi Zapadno-Siberskii Metallurgicheskii Kombinat (AO EVRAZ ZSMK)
Email: yufi55@mail.ru
俄罗斯联邦, Novokuznetsk
V. Gromov
Siberian State Industrial University
Email: yufi55@mail.ru
俄罗斯联邦, Novokuznetsk
S. Konovalov
Samara National Research University
Email: yufi55@mail.ru
俄罗斯联邦, Samara
O. Peregudov
Omsk State Technical University
Email: yufi55@mail.ru
俄罗斯联邦, Omsk