The change in Baroreflex Regulation of Heart Rhythm after “Dry” Immersion Appears during Orthostasis, but not Lower Body Negative Pressure Test

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Аннотация

The ratio of low-frequency (LF, ~0.1 Hz) waves of RR interval duration (RRI) and systolic blood pressure (SAP) reflects the cardiac baroreflex sensitivity (BRS). Gravitational unloading (GU) may alter BRS during the passive orthostatic test (HUT) and lower body negative pressure (LBNP) test. Both effects cause blood redistribution to the lower body, but HUT is accompanied by greater unloading of sinocarotid baroreceptors than LBNP and activation of the vestibulosympathetic reflex but GU effects on BRS in these tests have not been directly compared previously. In this study we tested the hypothesis that the effect of “dry” immersion (DI, on-ground model of GU) on BRS in the same subjects will be more pronounced during HUT than during LBNP, which causes a comparable decrease in stroke volume. Nine healthy men participated in two test sessions (before and after 7-day DI) consisting of five 3-min HUT (65°) and five 3-min LBNP (–35 mmHg) with averaging the parameters in each test. Wavelet analysis was used to determine the amplitude of the RRI and SAP waves in the range of 0.05–0.13 Hz. The amplitude of LF waves of SAP increased in both tests, after DI - more significantly in HUT. The amplitude of LF RRI waves decreased in the two tests; the degree of decrease did not differ between tests and did not change under the influence of DI. The α-coefficient (the ratio of the amplitudes of RRI and SAP LF waves) decreased equally in the two tests before DI, but after DI, the degree of α-coefficient reduction increased in HUT test but did not change in LBNP test. Thus, the effect of DI on BRS is evident in HUT, but not in LBNP, which may be explained by the more pronounced influence of HUT on the mechanisms of neural control of heart rhythm.

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Авторлар туралы

R. Zhedyaev

Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences

Хат алмасуға жауапты Автор.
Email: zhedyaev-r@mail.ru
Ресей, Moscow

O. Tarasova

Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences; Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: zhedyaev-r@mail.ru
Ресей, Moscow; Moscow

Yu. Semenov

Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: zhedyaev-r@mail.ru
Ресей, Moscow

A. Borovik

Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: zhedyaev-r@mail.ru
Ресей, Moscow

O. Vinogradova

Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: zhedyaev-r@mail.ru
Ресей, Moscow

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2. Fig.1. Graphs of experimental data obtained in interval OT (a) and ODNT test (b) (subject P.). From top to bottom: duration of the RR interval (RRI), systolic blood pressure (SAP), orthotable angle (a) or LBNP level (b). For hemodynamic parameters, values ​​calculated in successive cardiac cycles are given.

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3. Fig.2. Relative changes in stroke volume (SV, a), RR interval (RRI, b) and systolic blood pressure (SAP, c) in the passive orthostatic test (HUT) and in the lower body negative pressure test (LBNP) to (‒ 3d) and after (7d) “dry” immersion. * – p < 0.05 (two-factor analysis of variance for repeated measurements with Sidak’s post hoc test).

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4. Fig.3. Wavelet spectra of systolic blood pressure (SAP, a, c) and RR interval (RRI, b, d) in the orthostatic test (HUT, a, b) and in the LBNP test (LBNP, c, d) three days before (‒ 3d, gray lines) and on the 7th day (7d, black lines) of “dry” immersion. Dashed lines – before exposure, solid lines – during orthostasis or creation of LBNP; each line reflects the result of averaging the spectra for a group of subjects (n = 9).

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5. Fig.4. Relative changes in the amplitude of systolic blood pressure fluctuations (SAP, a) and the duration of the RR interval (RRI, b), as well as the α-coefficient (c) in the low frequency range (LF, 0.05–0.13 Hz) in the passive orthostatic test (HUT) and test with the creation of negative pressure on the lower body (LBNP) before (‒3d) and after (7d) “dry” immersion. * – p < 0.05 (two-factor analysis of variance for repeated measurements with Sidak’s post hoc test).

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